
Slices of American history are around every corner in Baltimore. Maryland's largest city is a gritty old seaport town that's perhaps most famous as the site of Fort McHenry, where, at the height of the War of 1812, the s
Slices of American history are around every corner in Baltimore. Maryland's largest city is a gritty old seaport town that's perhaps most famous as the site of Fort McHenry, where, at the height of the War of 1812, the sight of a tattered but defiant American flag flying over the harbor, despite a furious British bombardment, inspired Francis Scott Key to write the poem that was later adapted into the U.S. national anthem "Star-Spangled Banner". Nowadays, Baltimore's nonstop nightlife, temperate climate, tradition of hospitality (they don't call this place "Charm City" for nothing), and cultural attractions — not to mention its prime location on the juncture of Chesapeake Bay — made it one of the major tourist destinations of the Mid-Atlantic region.
Baltimore has an absolutely staggering number of officially designated neighborhoods. Though some are just a few blocks in size, each has its own unmistakable character.
Baltimore's long and rich history traces its earliest roots back to 1661, when David Jones became the first white person to settle within its city limits, but begins in earnest in 1729, when the colonial government joined the patchwork of small hamlets together into the Town of Baltimore. Quickly after incorporation, Baltimore grew into one of the largest cities and most important ports in what is now the United States, and during the American Revolution also briefly served as national capital.
Perhaps the most well-known episode in the city's history is the historic Battle of Baltimore, which occurred during the War of 1812. Over the course of the battle, the British bombed Fort McHenry with rockets in a furious but ultimately futile attempt to invade, with a tattered but proud American flag flying defiantly over the fort all the while: a scene that inspired Francis Scott Key to write a poem he called "The Star-Spangled Banner", which would later be set to music as the U.S. national anthem. Baltimore's industrial importance took center stage as the 19th century wore on, thanks not only to the buzzing port but also the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the first one in the United States, an immensely important trade route to the American West that ran between Baltimore and the Ohio River at Wheeling, West Virginia.
Baltimore's large black population has also played an important role in its history. African-Americans have had a major presence in Baltimore since the Revolutionary War, during which time the port served as an important destination for slave ships crossing over from Africa. Later on, in the first half of the 19th century, Baltimore became one of the major centers of "free black" culture in the United States, with thousands of escaped slaves forging new lives for themselves with the help of plentifully available unskilled jobs in the port and the factories that had sprung up around it. During the 1960s, too, Baltimore was famous as the hometown of prominent African-American civil rights leaders such as Thurgood Marshall and Kweisi Mfume. African-Americans form a majority (64%) of the residents within the city limits.
Baltimore lies in an arm of the Chesapeake Bay, the third largest estuary in the world. The eastern two-thirds of the metropolitan area lie on the Atlantic Coastal Plain, between 15 and 50 feet above sea level, and contain many peninsulas jutting out into the bay. The western third of the city slowly rises into rolling hills, and leads to the piedmont region. It is about 40 miles from Washington, D.C., and approximately 100 miles from Philadelphia. The Atlantic Ocean lies about 2 hours to the southeast.
Baltimore's climate is milder and less extreme than other U.S. cities at this latitude. Summers are humid and hot, but not extremely so, with highs generally reaching the high 80s to low 90s Fahrenheit (low 30s Celsius) and lows in the 60s to low 70s F (about 20° C). In heat index terms factoring humidity, average heat indices are around 92 °F (33 °C) during the day and 75 °F (24 °C) at night; though on some exceptionally hot and sweltering days can see heat indices climb upwards to 106 °F (41 °C) and not go below 82 °F (28 °C) at night.
Winters are sometimes cold, but sometimes merely cool and damp — highs in the upper 40s to low 50s F (about 10° C), and lows in the 30s and 40s F (about 5° C), are typical. The temperature almost never drops below 10° F (-10° C) in the city proper. Light snow can sometimes fall in winter, although some years there is no significant accumulation and once every few years a coastal storm can dump 8 inches to a foot (20-30 cm) of snow on the city. Spring and fall bring breezy days with pleasant temperatures in the 50s to 70s F (10s to 20s C).
While weather in the region can vary, Baltimore does not experience the extremes of weather change that occur further north and inland. Visitors will be able to venture outdoors without a jacket from approximately mid-March to late November. The hot humid summers mean you'll want to wear shorts most days instead of long pants. The Baltimore area experiences pleasant fall foliage, usually beginning in mid-October and ending in early December. The long warm weather season means that swimming pools are very popular for much of the year as well.
Baltimore boasts a surprisingly influential, albeit small-scale, film industry. Self-dubbed the "godfather of filth", Baltimore native John Waters is the local equivalent of New York's Woody Allen — movie after movie of his has been set and filmed on location in Baltimore, drawing heavily on Baltimore's most bizarre subcultures and strangest neighborhoods for inspiration. He became famous for his "gore" flicks in the 1970s, which combine the single-minded purpose of grossing out (or perhaps scarring for life) his viewers along with intentionally bad acting, outrageous Baltimore accents, subversive humor, general trashy perversion, and gratuitous violence. His go-to leading "lady" was an enormous Baltimore drag queen named Divine. Of this era, Pink Flamingos achieved a certain cult-classic status, although it is absolutely not for the faint of heart (or the pure of spirit).
After the 1970s, Waters' films mellowed out dramatically (though his signature interest in subversive campiness is still plenty evident). This period culminated in his most famous work, Hairspray, a 1962-fabulous story of a plus-size girl with plus-size hair who wanted to bring a black boy to the locally-televised dance show in defiance of the forces of racial segregation and bigotry. Waters has also gained considerable success within the Manhattan art world — but he rails against that same art world in Pecker, a movie soaked in the local colors of Baltimore's Hampden neighborhood. His dogged loyalty to his city has earned him a lot of goodwill here: one mayor proposed creating a local holiday dedicated to John Waters, and the Hampden neighborhood erected a giant pink flamingo statue up on the main street. But don't let all this lull you into a sense of complacency — unless it's Hairspray or perhaps Crybaby or Serial Mom, don't show his films to your kids!
Barry Levinson is perhaps the second most well-known filmmaker to come out of and make films about Baltimore. His directing career began with Diner, a movie set in the Baltimore of his youth, and a movie that would begin the famous four-movie series of "Baltimore films" along with Tin Men, Avalon, and Liberty Heights.
In the world of television, Baltimore gives us David Simon, famous for his locally-set crime dramas Homicide: Life on the Street (which he co-produced with Barry Levinson), and, of course, The Wire, which has been called by many publications "the best show on television" — although several have contended this doesn't go far enough, calling it the best TV series of all time. The Wire is set principally in the most blighted neighborhoods of West Baltimore, dealing with startlingly realistic, cliché-free portrayals of the life of the city's (and America's) underclass and the drug crime that pervades the neighborhoods and housing projects where said underclass lives. A veteran reporter for the Baltimore Sun and a novelist, Simon also turns his camera on the city government, the police department, and the public schools, never in too favorable of a light. (If you are a fan of the series, check out The Wire Tour!) For an even starker portrayal of life and drugs in Baltimore's most blighted neighborhoods, check out his documentary-style miniseries, The Corner.
1 Baltimore Visitor Center, 401 Light St. (between Conway and Barre on the Inner Harbor), ☏ +1 410 659-7300, toll-free: +1-877-225-8466, vc@baltimore.org. 9AM-5PM daily, until 6PM May through September. Closed during the weeks of Thanksgiving and Christmas.
2 The "Charm'tastic Mile" of Baltimore (S. Calvert & Pratt Street (entrance to the Gallery Mall)), ☏ +1 443 851-5244. (updated Oct 2021)
As elsewhere in the United States, the primary language is English — spoken here with a thick local accent dubbed Bawlmerese (a phonetic reading of the word "Baltimorese" as locals pronounce it). Appropriately enough from a geographic standpoint, Bawlmerese could be described as a cross between the Philadelphia accent (the first syllable of "water" sounds like "wood"), Pittsburghese (the long "o" sound is pronounced closer to the front of the mouth, something like the German ö), and the Southern accent (the words "fire" and "far" sound the same). You'll hear Bawlmerese spoken most often among white blue-collar types, and more in the city proper than in outlying suburban areas. However, the classic Baltimore accent is now moribund, and most younger people speak with a general American accent.
Baltimore-Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport (BWI IATA) is located about 10 miles from the city center and offers non-stop flights from just about every major airport in the United States, plus a handful of international flights. The dominant airline at BWI is Southwest Airlines, which uses BWI as an operating base to connect eastbound overnight red-eye flights from the West Coast to the East Coast and the Caribbean. Frontier Airlines connects BWI to several US hub airports. Several other airlines also serve BWI, but only as a spoke airport in support of hub airports elsewhere.
Car rental facilities are all centrally located together, away from the airport. To get there, take a free airport shuttle bus between the facility and the terminals. Plan an extra 10 to 15 minutes to get out of the airport.
You have two options for getting from the airport to the city by public transit.
Free shuttle to the BWI Amtrak/MARC station, where you can take either an Amtrak ($7–35 one way) or MARC commuter train ($6 one way) to Penn Station, a 15-minute ride.
Light rail which departs directly from the terminal. The ride to the Inner Harbor is about 30 minutes and the fare is $2.00.
Alternative airports in the region include Washington Reagan National Airport (DCA IATA), Washington Dulles International (IAD IATA), and Philadelphia International (PHL IATA). These are all significantly further from Baltimore than BWI, but may offer more flights or better fares.
Baltimore is served by several Interstate highways: I-83 from Harrisburg and points north; I-70 from Pittsburgh and points west; and I-95, which parallels the coast from Maine to Florida, passing through most of the major Eastern Seaboard cities along the way. If arriving from the south, the I-395 spur from I-95 will take you right into the harbor area. If arriving from the north on I-95, you will have to pay a $4 toll to take the Fort McHenry Tunnel under the harbor before you hit 395. You can avoid the toll and see more of the city by exiting I-95 at Eastern Avenue (exit 59), which will take you through the diverse neighborhoods of Southeast Baltimore before terminating in Harbor East. Interstate 97 also connects to US 50 and US 301 in the south, that can be used to get into DC.
Car parking is expensive in the inner city, roughly $5/hour around the harbor area. If you're planning to stick to the central part of the city and don't mind walking, you can save money and stress by parking for free at one of the suburban Light Rail or Metro stations and taking public transit into the city.
Both of the freeways between Baltimore and Washington, DC (I-95 and MD-295, the Baltimore-Washington Parkway) can be extremely congested on weekdays: although the cities are just 40 miles apart, the drive can take up to two hours at peak times, roughly 6AM to 9:30AM and 3:30PM to 6:30PM. The MARC commuter train is often a better option.
Buses are an affordable way to get in to Baltimore, especially if you are coming from New York or Philadelphia.
Greyhound/FlixBus serves most major cities in North America. Their station is a few blocks south of the stadium district, near Inner Harbor.
Megabus Arrivals and departures are located on the south side of the White Marsh Park & Ride lot, located in the northern suburbs of Baltimore near the intersection of White Marsh Boulevard and Honeygo Boulevard. MTA buses operate between White Marsh Park & Ride and downtown Baltimore. Limited parking is available in the West lot only and must have a sheet of paper with the word "megabus" on the dashboard.
Our Bus runs service to/from New York.
You can find other bus services between New York and Baltimore at GoToBus.
Amtrak offers frequent, fast, and comfortable service to Baltimore between New York and Washington. If your trip originates in New York, Boston, or Philadelphia, which travel the same rail corridor, the train will be much more expensive than a bus, though service from most other destinations is often comparable in price to bus fares. Whether the train is a more affordable option than the bus depends on where you're coming from. All Amtrak trains serving the Baltimore area stop at Penn Station, while some also BWI Airport station, which is in a suburban area not convenient for tourists. Routes serving Baltimore include:
Acela travels multiple times daily between Boston and Washington, D.C. with stops in Westwood, Providence, New Haven, Stamford, New York City, Newark, Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore.
Cardinal operating three trips weekly between Chicago and New York City with stops in Dyer, Rensselaer, Lafayette, Crawfordsville, Indianapolis, Connersville, Cincinnati, Ashland, Huntington, Charleston, Hinton, White Sulphur Springs, Staunton, Charlottesville, Culpeper, Manassas, Alexandria, Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Wilmington, Philadelphia, Trenton, and Newark.
Carolinian between Charlotte and New York City via Washington, D.C.
Crescent between New Orleans and New York City via Atlanta and Washington, D.C.
Palmetto between Savannah and New York City
Northeast Regional is Amtrak's busiest regional service, connecting Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, D.C., and the many towns and cities in-between. Toward the east end of the route, some trips terminate at Springfield instead of Boston. Some services also continue south into Virginia towards Newport News, Roanoke and Norfolk on three separate branch routes from Alexandria. This is also Amtrak's most frequent service, with multiple daily departures, and the longest trip takes 12.5 hours. Stops at Union Station and State Street.
Silver Meteor and Silver Star between Miami and New York City via Savannah.
Vermonter operates daily between St. Albans and Washington, D.C. including stops in Essex Junction, Waterbury, Montpelier, White River Junction, Claremont, Bellows Falls, Brattleboro, Greenfield, Northampton, Holyoke, Springfield, Windsor Locks, Hartford, Meriden, New Haven, Bridgeport, Stamford, New York City, Newark, Trenton, Philadelphia, Wilmington, Baltimore, and New Carrollton.
MARC commuter trains, which operate between Baltimore and Washington, D.C. At $9 each way, it's usually cheaper than Amtrak, and generally faster than driving. The Penn Line serves Penn Station, running throughout the day roughly once per hour on weekdays up until about 10:30PM. On weekends, Penn Line service operates at much reduced frequencies. The Camden Line serves the Camden Yards station, adjacent to the Orioles stadium and three blocks from the harbor proper; however, it runs only during the morning and evening rush hours. Both routes depart from Union Station in Washington.
Notable stations in Baltimore for intercity trains:
1 Penn railway station, 500 North Charles St (Two miles north of the Inner Harbor, served by Light Rail or the Charm City Circulator). Main station for intercity trains (updated Jun 2025)
2 BWI Marshall Airport railway station, 7 Amtrak Way (2.25 mi (3.6 km) northwest of the airport terminal. Free shuttle buses operate every 6-8 minutes between the station and the airport during the day, and every 25 minutes overnight). (updated Jun 2025)
3 Camden railway station, 301 West Camden St. (updated Jun 2025)
Public transportation in Baltimore is nothing spectacular. Fares to ride light rail, buses and subway are $2.00 each way, and $4.60 buys you a day pass that gets you unlimited rides on all three. You can buy a physical pass from any bus operator or vending machine at subway/light rail stations, or using the CharmPass app on your smartphone.
As a general rule, the light rail system is far more useful for getting to the city than getting around within it. You may wish to park outside the city (for free!) and take the light rail in. The one useful section runs from Camden Yards up past Lexington Market to the Station North Arts District.
There is a single-line subway which runs from Johns Hopkins Hospital, through downtown, and out to the northwest suburbs of Pikesville and Owings Mills. The subway does not pass many tourist destinations and is mostly used by commuters.
To get around Baltimore on the cheap by public transport, especially outside of the harbor area, the MTA buses are the way to go (though you will sacrifice convenience). MTA puts out very handy interactive maps of the downtown and regional bus routes, so you can plan ahead. Buses, like all of Baltimore's public transit, are well patrolled and safe.
Unlike the above three options, the Charm City Circulator is a city-run service. And unlike the above three options, the Circulator is free! Funded by parking taxes, several routes are now online:
The Orange Route runs east-west between Harbor East and Hollins Market.
The Purple Route runs north-south between Penn Station and Federal Hill.
The Green Route runs mostly east of downtown, serving Power Plant Live, Fells Point, and the Johns Hopkins medical complex.
The Banner Route runs from the Inner Harbor to Fort McHenry.
The Cherry Route runs from the Inner Harbor to Cherry Hill.
The buses, while smaller and quieter than the MTA ones, are more stylish and fun to ride. And they're ideal for people staying downtown looking for a very economical way to get out towards Fells Point, Federal Hill, Mount Vernon and other areas underserved by the MTA.
If staying outside the city and taking Light Rail or Metro Subway in, the Circulator routes were thankfully designed to coordinate with key stops like Baltimore Street, North Howard Street (along which the Light Rail runs), Charles Center and the Convention Center.
You don't need a car to visit Baltimore, but it helps, especially if you're planning to visit some of the more outlying areas of the city which are poorly served by public transit.
Baltimore has an incomplete freeway system: freeway revolts in the 1970s halted the construction of a proposed east-west freeway that would have destroyed neighborhoods including historic Fells Point, so I-83 (known within the city as the Jones Falls Expressway) and I-395 both terminate downtown without connecting to each other. This accounts for heavy traffic downtown during rush hours and on game days. Pratt and Lombard streets can be particularly slow due to the confluence of car and pedestrian traffic around the harbor. If you're headed east or west across downtown, it's often quicker to drive a few blocks north to take U.S. Route 40, even if your destination is south of Route 40.
Streets in the central region of the city follow a grid pattern, with alternating one-way streets in many neighborhoods, particularly downtown and on the East Side. In the outer parts of the city, the street pattern becomes more suburban, centered around radial roads heading into and out of the central core. Charles Street divides "East" streets from "West," and Baltimore Street divides "North" from "South" (early city planners clearly had no idea of how far north the city would grow!) Streets that don't cross Charles Street or Baltimore Street don't have a directional label. Most Baltimore street signs have the block number on them, which helps with navigation.
It's not hard to find paid parking garages and lots near all the major sights in the city center, with rates that generally increase the closer you get to the Inner Harbor. Beyond the central neighborhoods, on-street parking is widely available. You pay for street parking at electronic kiosks with either cash or credit cards — you'll get a receipt stating the time at which your parking will expire, which you display on your dashboard. Parking enforcement in Baltimore is known to be ruthless.
If you don't have a car, Baltimore has several reliable taxi companies. Taxi fares start at $1.80 and increase by 20¢ for each 1/11 mile ($2.20 per mile) or for 30 seconds of waiting time. It's easy to hail a cab on the street downtown, in Fells Point, and in Mount Vernon, but elsewhere you'll have to call or use an app.
One of the most popular (and unique!) modes of transportation in Baltimore is the water taxi system +1 410 563-3901. Rarely a useful mode of transport for everyday life, it is an especially nice way of touring the city's main sights for a day (and admiring the skyline from the water). From May–September, it stops throughout the Inner Harbor, Fells Point, Fort McHenry, and even Canton, at intervals of about 15 to 20 minutes. Day passes are $20 for adults, and $11 for kids under 12.
In cooperation with the Charm City Circulator system, some routes across the harbor are also free from 7AM to 7PM, including Maritime Park, Tide Point, and Canton Waterfront Park.
Biking is a fun way to explore Baltimore's neighborhoods, not to mention an activity in itself. Scenic areas to explore by bike include the affluent neighborhoods of North Baltimore, the Gwynns Falls Trail and Druid Hill Park on the West Side, and East Baltimore's Patterson Park. The city center is fairly flat, although the northern part of the city can get quite hilly.
Although Baltimore hasn't achieved the bicycle-friendliness of its neighbor to the south, the city government is making an effort, slowly installing new bike lanes and marked bicycle routes. Drivers are generally tolerant, although some are liable to pass uncomfortably close (Maryland law requires drivers to allow at least 3 feet when passing a bicyclist, but it's rarely enforced). The city publishes a handy Bicycle Map, available online and in print at bike shops.
You can bring bikes on Metro and Light Rail trains. You can bring bikes on MARC trains as well, but you are required to have two bungee cords to secure your bicycle. All MTA buses (but not the Circulator) have a front-loading bike rack.
Three excellent bike shops are located in areas frequented by visitors: Light Street Cycles, located at 1124 Light Street in Federal Hill, less than a mile walk from the Inner Harbor; Baltimore Bicycle Works, at 1813 Falls Road near Penn Station; and Joe's Bike Shop at 723 S. Broadway in Fells Point. Light Street Cycles and Baltimore Bicycle Works offer bike rentals by the day.
Baltimore's bike scene has an irreverent side. Instead of a Critical Mass ride (where large groups of cyclists take over the street during rush hour to promote biking), Baltimore has the Baltimore Bike Party, a slow-paced, carousing mass ride replete with costumed riders, decorated bikes, and noisemakers. The Bike Party meets at 7PM at the Washington Monument in Mount Vernon the last Friday of every month; there's always an afterparty (and sometimes a pre-party) with food and beer.
Bicycle theft is a serious concern. You must have a strong, solid lock — a cable lock accomplishes little beyond advertising your bike as easy prey. In 2010 and 2011, there were reports of gangs assaulting cyclists and stealing their bikes after dark in the area between Midtown and Charles Village, North Avenue to 25th Street. Although such reports have been less frequent in the past couple years, it's safest to stick to well-lit, heavily-travelled streets after dark.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
The Inner Harbor is the center of the city not only in the geographic but also in the tourist sense: it's a baffling, boisterous scene with plenty of eating and shopping, and often also live music by jazz groups, crooners, and the like. You'll hear Baltimoreans themselves scorn the Inner Harbor as a hypercommercialized tourist trap that's devoid of true local culture. While they have a point, the local perception is a bit of an exaggeration: prefab ambience or no, the harbor is a must-see attraction for visitors to Baltimore, not least because of the excellent museums and other attractions it offers. Highlights range from the Historic Ships in Baltimore (including the USS Constellation), the kid-friendly Maryland Science Center, the crowded and enormous National Aquarium, and the radically eccentric American Visionary Arts Museum. If you are into rail travel, be sure to visit the B&O Railroad Museum and the Baltimore Streetcar Museum.
For being smack-dab in the middle of one of the most historic cities in the U.S., the Inner Harbor itself is oddly devoid of history. However, the one exception to that rule is a big one indeed: Fort McHenry, which lies across the harbor at the tip of Locust Point. It gained an iconic status in American history by successfully defending the Baltimore harbor from the British naval bombardment in the War of 1812, at which time Francis Scott Key was inspired by the tattered but still waving American flag on the fort to write the poem that would later become the national anthem, the "Star-Spangled Banner".
The other marquee historical destination in Baltimore is just east of the Inner Harbor in Fells Point. Once a separate town founded in 1730, this area became wealthy throughout the 18th and 19th centuries on shipbuilding and the maritime trade (and anti-British privateering). Architecturally, little has changed for more than a century, and the cobblestone streets, old pubs, and quaint harbor area are more than enough to lure visitors.
While you won't run out of attractions to visit in the Inner Harbor, there are scads of other sites throughout the city that you should not miss. Look especially for Westminster Hall and Burying Ground downtown, the Maryland Zoo in Druid Hill Park, the original Washington Monument and the Walters Art Museum in Mount Vernon, and the Baltimore Museum of Art up by Johns Hopkins University. As well, Baltimore's rich black history and majority African-American demographics in the present make for a plethora of attractions relevant to African-American culture. The harrowing depictions of the brutality visited on African-American slaves at the Great Blacks in Wax Museum that haunt local schoolchildren's nightmares are miles away from the lighthearted kitsch you'll find at most wax museums; you'll find it in East Baltimore, on East North Avenue close to Johns Hopkins University. Meanwhile at the Inner Harbor, the Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Black History takes a more academic (and less lurid) approach.
The Mt. Vernon Tour -- a self-guided walking tour of Baltimore's federally recognized national heritage area.
The Wire Tour — a grand 3½-hour driving tour of prominent filming locations for the highly acclaimed HBO series, The Wire.
Baltimore Composers Tour -- a 3.5-hour, self-guided walking tour of sites relevant to Baltimore-related composers.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
If there's one thing Baltimoreans love, it's sports — their tenacious loyalty to their local teams is remarkable even in the high-intensity world of American sports fanhood. That's especially true when it comes to Major League Baseball's Baltimore Orioles and the NFL's Baltimore Ravens, Charm City's representatives in the big four leagues of U.S. pro sports. Both of these teams' home stadiums are situated within a few blocks of each other in South Baltimore, just a stone's throw from the Inner Harbor: Camden Yards and M&T Bank Stadium, respectively.
Baltimore has teams playing in a number of smaller sports leagues, as well: the aging CFG Bank Arena downtown plays host to the Major Indoor Soccer League's Baltimore Blast, while the Baltimore Nighthawks play women's football at Art Modell Field, at Mergenthaler Vocational-Technical High School in East Baltimore.
While college sports generally aren't anywhere near as big a deal on the East Coast as in the heartland, one major exception is worth noting: college lacrosse, which is more popular in Baltimore than perhaps any other American city. The Johns Hopkins Blue Jays (one of the most successful, oldest, and best-known college lacrosse teams in the United States, with nine divisional championships to their name) and the Loyola Greyhounds (famous for their string of successful seasons in the late 1980s and early 1990s) are the two big draws.
Outside of team sports, Pimlico Race Course in West Baltimore is famous as the home of the Preakness Stakes. Held every year on the third Saturday in May, the Preakness represents the second leg of the Triple Crown, a trio of Thoroughbred races that represent the pinnacle of achievement in the storied tradition of American horse racing. Pimlico closed after the 2025 Preakness for a complete rebuilding; the race meets normally held at Pimlico, including the Preakness, are moving to Laurel Park for 2026. Pimlico is scheduled to reopen in 2027, at which time it will be the state's only Thoroughbred track. As well, every year in October runners have the Baltimore Marathon to look forward to, which, far from a standalone event, is only the most prominent of several footraces that collectively make up the Baltimore Running Festival.
Baltimore's social dance culture features an unexpectedly strong Lindy Hop scene centered at Mobtown Ballroom in Station North.
Baltimore features a full calendar of fun festivals and events awaiting those with practically any interest under the sun. See the district articles for more on those.
One citywide event deserving of special note is Baltimore Pride, a two-day weekend festival held annually in June dedicated to celebrating Baltimore's LGBT community. There is a parade through the city, a festival in Druid Hill Park, and a block party in Mount Vernon, as well as other events.
With twelve colleges and universities attended by over 100,000 students from around the country — plus even more in the suburbs — it's not hard to see why one of Baltimore's nicknames is "College Town, USA". The largest and best-known of Baltimore's institutions of higher education is Johns Hopkins University, which offers a wide variety of degrees but is most renowned for its medical school, which consistently ranks as one of the best in the country. Other large colleges and universities within Baltimore include the Jesuit-run, Roman Catholic Loyola University Maryland, the public University of Maryland, Baltimore (which only admits students in selected professional fields, namely the health sciences, social work, and law), and the historically African-American Coppin State University and Morgan State University. Just outside the city limits is the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, better known as UMBC; unlike its Baltimore sister campus, it offers extensive undergraduate programs. UMBC, however, may now be most famous for the epic upset that its men's basketball team sprung against top-ranked Virginia in the 2018 NCAA tournament.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
It will be no surprise to anyone that a huge city like Baltimore has something for everyone when it comes to shopping. The Inner Harbor boasts outlets of all the typical large national retail chains in close proximity to the tourist hotels. If small boutiques are more what you're after, try the historic marine neighborhood of Fells Point, upscale Federal Hill, or quirky Hampden. Antiquers should make sure to include a stroll along the downtown Avenue of Arts, also known as the Antique Row, where the antiques trade has dominated the retail scene for over a hundred years (although the Antique Row saw its heyday in the 1960s, it remains a great place to search for historic memorabilia or antique treasures). Of course, you'll also find a range of malls in the Downtown area.
There are often souvenir shops in many of the interesting attractions, providing expensive, but unique, items. Keep in mind that many of these are tourist traps. Wegmans and IKEA are just a short drive away.
A wide variety of dining options can be found in Baltimore, but no visit to Maryland is complete without a sampling of the local favorite: steamed crabs! During the summer harvest season (May to September), picking crabs or indulging in a crab feast is a popular way to spend the afternoon with family and friends. However, offseason, crab may be imported from as far away as Texas. Steamed shrimp, corn on the cob, and beer are popular side dishes. If steamed crabs are too adventurous, you should at least sample a crab cake, crab bisque, or vegetable crab soup.
Then again, if crabs aren't adventurous enough, there is an impressive range of unique and offbeat local foods that most visitors never hear about, the preeminent among which is the Baltimore pit beef sandwich. An odd tradition born of the intersection of the American barbecue tradition with the culinary tastes of Baltimore's Polish immigrants, pit beef is slowly barbecued all day and night in a deep pit, then put on a kaiser roll with toppings of onions and horseradish to your liking (don't wuss out on the horseradish — it's an integral part of the experience). It's best served very rare. Unfortunately, pit beef can be hard to come by within the city limits. Your best best is probably Chaps, located next to an industrial area on the extreme east of the city.
Vying for local fast-food preeminence is Baltimore lake trout. It's a bit of a misnomer: neither is it trout (it's whitefish) not does it come from a lake. But it is impressively fresh, lightly breaded, surprisingly not so greasy, inexpensive, and just all around finger-licking good. It's a sandwich, but only in the loosest of terms; you get such a huge quantity of fish that it's impossible to actually eat it within the bun. In opposition to East Baltimore's pit beef (that petty east-west rivalry again), lake trout is decidedly a West Baltimore specialty. The question of where to get the best fish is a matter of contention, but the most accessible and visitor-friendly outlet — The Roost — is also one of the regular contenders in the endless debate.
Coddies represent the final major player in local fast-food lore. Nothing fancy here — it's a thick, satisfying cod cake served in a sandwich of two saltine crackers, ideally topped with simple yellow mustard. They can be hard to find, but you'll get great ones at Faidley's for absurdly low prices.
Save a little room for Berger cookies from DeBaufre Bakeries. These are soft, slightly dry cookies slathered with fudge frosting and are available at multiple grocery stores around town.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
The market place, near the harbor, is full of fresh seafood and food bars. But for a more local experience, head to the neighborhoods surrounding it: Little Italy, Fells Point, Federal Hill, Canton Square, Greektown, and Mount Washington feature local and international cuisine.
Lexington Market is an especially popular lunchtime destination, with countless vendors selling all kinds of food imaginable. There are standing tables in an open area on the ground floor, as well as a large seating area on the upper level above that. If you are looking for a deep Baltimore culinary experience, head to the aforementioned Faidley's, where you can get your coddies, some of the world's most acclaimed jumbo lump crab cakes, and even local artifacts like terrapin, raccoon, and muskrat! (Those artifacts are available only seasonally, and only to take home to cook.)
If you wish for a more formal dinner (with prices to match), try the business district. Also of note is the local dinner theatre, Toby's, which for a sizable price will give you a fancy three-course buffet dinner and a roughly two-hour theatre production.
Baltimore has a smoke-free ordinance, so all restaurants and bars are completely non-smoking.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
The two neighborhoods with the largest concentrations of drinking establishments and clubs are Fells Point and the Inner Harbor. Fells Point is the city's most popular district for both eating and drinking, located about a 15 minute walk or a short cab ride from downtown. Many bars in this area feature live music and most have excellent selections of Maryland and imported craft beers. Meanwhile, the Inner Harbor nightlife scene is centered on Powerplant Live!, a two-block area of nothing but bars, clubs and restaurants. It has an outdoor area featuring music and other events during good weather. This is the Inner Harbor at its most tourist-trappy — drinks and food are low-quality and overpriced — but even the hippest Baltimore hipsters will find themselves here every now and then for the free concerts. Other fine wining (or boozing) and dining neighborhoods include Canton Square, Mount Vernon, Federal Hill, Hampden, and the Station North Arts and Entertainment District.
National Bohemian (affectionately known as "Natty Boh") is the popular local cheap beer. They are generally no more than $2-3 anywhere in Baltimore, and most places serve them in cans.
The ever-rising wave of craft brewing has not passed by Baltimore. The city boasts dozens of local craft beers that can be found throughout the city (especially in Fells Point). Most craft breweries also operate their own tap rooms, welcoming visitors for a fresh pint and often a brewery tour. (If you're traveling with your best friend, Monument City Brewing is the most dog friendly brewery in the city.) The most well-established breweries are Brewers Art (inspired by the classic ales of Belgium) and Oliver's, both of which have been slaking thirsts in Charm City since the 1990s. Other notable local craft breweries include Union Craft Brewery and Mobtown Brewing, among many more exciting, younger breweries.
All bars in Baltimore (and the state of Maryland) are completely non-smoking.
Individual listings can be found in Baltimore's district articles
The vast majority of visitors stay in the Inner Harbor, right by the main attractions. Few cities have such a well-defined tourist district, and it is therefore no surprise that nearly all the major hotels in the city are located there.
Business travelers can certainly stay in the Inner Harbor and remain close to the central business district, and thus get better views from their rooms. But the most convenient business hotels, chain hotels all, are located downtown. The business district is not a very good location if you are looking for nightlife — after being duly creeped out by the emptiness of the downtown streets after dark, you'll only give up and head to the Harbor or Midtown anyway.
Now if you prefer to stay in a quieter area, with more local character and better dining and nightlife options, you should look to Fells Point as the natural option. However, even further off the beaten path, you can find lovely bed and breakfasts and boutique hotels in Federal Hill, Midtown, or Canton. The Midtown hotels in particular benefit from good public transportation (a rarity in the city) to Downtown and the Inner Harbor.
For those on a tighter budget, there's an HI hostel downtown, and several of the bed and breakfasts can also be a bargain.
Baltimore's reputation as a dangerous city was cemented internationally by the HBO series The Wire — a reputation that's not entirely unwarranted, but with which the average traveler should not get overly concerned. Most crime occurs between individuals that know each other, or in impoverished areas of the city, where tourists will have little reason to go. Few if any travelers will have any encounters with that isolated culture of drug and gang-related activity. Muggings are the crime for tourists to be concerned with.
The areas of Baltimore that attract tourists are safe. You shouldn't worry when going to the opera, museums, aquarium, etc. The popular Inner Harbor area in particular is saturated with police day and night, as the city government relies heavily on this area to bring in locals and tourists and to generate tax revenue. Some areas just north of the waterfront (downtown above the Inner Harbor around Lexington Market, and around the big public housing projects just northeast of Little Italy) can get a little dodgy after dark, and even during the day sometimes. If you're parking your car on-street in the Charles Street entertainment district or even in Fells Point, don't leave anything — even trash — visible in your car, in order to deter smash-and-grab robberies. Generally, the worst annoyance for tourists and residents around downtown are the homeless and/or drug addicts, who ask for money. Most will leave you alone if they do or don't receive anything from you. If one starts following you, it's best to ignore them and keep walking, as they almost always give up after a few seconds. Avoid confrontations or yelling back.
Above all, though, just exercise the usual precautions for any large American city: know where you are going and how you are getting there. At night, walk in groups if possible and on well-lit streets, and do not carry large amounts of money. Call a cab if the trip back at night seems beyond your comfort zone.
Some restaurants and many libraries have WiFi in Baltimore. There is free City WiFi in parts of the Inner Harbor, and it's available in other areas of Baltimore by subscription.
The Baltimore Sun is Baltimore's daily newspaper.
The Baltimore Banner has Baltimore's second-biggest newsroom.
The Baltimore Brew is a local news site started by a former Washington Post reporter.
The Baltimore Beat is a free alternative weekly newspaper. It began publishing in 2017 right after the long-running Baltimore City Paper ceased publication.
The Bohemian is a bi-monthly alternative Baltimore magazine.
The AFRO has served Baltimore's black community since 1892.
Belgium (Honorary), 799 Cromwell Park Dr, Ste. A, Glen Burnie, ☏ +1 410 863-0255, +1 410 863-0211, fax: +1 410 863-1377, leec@jsconnor.com. (updated Jun 2017)
Finland (Honorary), 2200 Broening Hwy., Suite 102, ☏ +1 410 633-4666, fax: +1 410 633-2993, dchenowith@tparkerhost.com.
Italy (Honorary), Equitable Bldg., 10 N. Calvert St., Ste. 940, ☏ +1 410 727-6550, +1 410 727-7297, fax: +1 410 727-6563, Info@ItalConBalto.org.
Nepal (Honorary), 515 Walker Ave., ☏ +1 443 759-9383, premmahat@gmail.com.
Annapolis — Maryland's charming, historic, pint-sized state capital, and home of the U.S. Naval Academy can be done as a day trip from Baltimore via public trans
Ellicott City — a wealthy Baltimore suburb with a charming old-fashioned main street
Philadelphia — the birthplace of American independence and the nation's sixth largest city
Washington, D.C. — the nation's capital is home of some of America's most iconic historic sites, as well as a bevy of free museums courtesy of the Smithsonian Institution; accessible by Amtrak, MARC Train, Flixbus, and Greyhound

Baltimore’s street life is best understood by strolling beyond the curated Inner Harbor and letting the neighbourhoods speak. In Hampden, the quirky "Mount Vernon" sign ushers you into a district where vintage boutiques coexist with art-house cinemas, offering a glimpse of the city’s post‑industrial reinvention. Further east, the waterfront community of Canton blends refurbished warehouses with a thriving foodie scene; its weekend pop‑up markets showcase artisans who source ingredients from the Chesapeake Bay, keeping maritime traditions alive. Meanwhile, the historic enclave of Bolton Hill retains 19th‑century rowhouses that house a surprising concentration of independent galleries, making the area a quiet counterpoint to the louder downtown. These pockets illustrate how Baltimore’s identity is stitched together by diverse, locally driven narratives rather than a single tourist‑centric image.
Travelers who sync their itinerary with Baltimore’s seasonal calendar discover a city that shifts its tempo throughout the year. Spring brings the bloom of the city’s famed tulip festival in the historic parks, a subtle reminder of the city’s horticultural legacy that mirrors its early colonial gardens. Summer sees the waterfront’s al fresco concerts, where locals gather on floating stages to enjoy jazz that resonates with the city’s African‑American heritage. Autumn offers a quieter pleasure: the transformation of the historic districts as foliage cloaks the brick facades, and the annual Book Festival in the Inner Harbor draws literary crowds that linger in independent cafés. Winter, though chilled, hosts a modest ice‑skating rink on the harbor’s promenade, allowing visitors to experience a maritime city under a soft, low‑key glow.
Don't let these crime dramas get you down, though: this aspect of Baltimore's culture is one that most visitors are unlikely to encounter. All the more reason why The Wire is practically required watching for a serious visitor — the show is filmed on location throughout the whole city, and nowhere else will you be so quickly and delightfully introduced to Baltimore in all its local character and sense of place: Baltimore club music, beautiful and dilapidated old row houses with marble stoops, the legendary horse-cart fruit vendor, coddies and pit beef, bottles of rye by the docks, the east-west rivalry, all sorts of local hip hop, a few good corrupt Polish cops, some angry young men in the projects, and above all that sense of restlessness that keeps this city alive.
Most guidebooks point travellers toward the iconic crab cake, yet Baltimore’s culinary landscape extends far beyond the shellfish tableau. In the Little Italy enclave, family‑run trattorias serve plates that marry Southern comfort with Mediterranean spice, reflecting waves of Italian immigration that settled the city in the early 20th century. The growing Ethiopian community around Greektown offers injera‑based feasts that sit alongside the city’s long‑standing soul‑food institutions, creating a dynamic dialogue of diaspora cuisines. For the adventurous palate, the Southeast Baltimore neighbourhood of Highlandtown hosts a weekly “Taste of the World” night where pop‑up stalls serve everything from Peruvian ceviche to Korean kimchi braised pork, embodying the city’s evolving gastronomic identity. Sampling these varied eateries grants a richer sense of Baltimore’s multicultural fabric.
Largest city in Maryland, United States This article is about the largest city in Maryland. For other uses, see Baltimore (disambiguation). Independent city in Maryland, United StatesBaltimoreIndependent cityThe Inner Harbor skylineFells PointOriole Park at Camden YardsEmerson TowerWashington and Lafayette MonumentsNational Aquarium FlagSealNicknames: Charm City; B'more; MobtownMottoes: "The Greatest City in America", "Get in on it.", "Believe"Interactive map of BaltimoreBaltimoreLocation of Baltimore in MarylandShow map of MarylandBaltimoreLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United StatesCoordinates: 39°17′22″N 76°36′55″W / 39.28944°N 76.61528°W / 39.28944; -76.61528Country United StatesState MarylandCityBaltimoreHistoric colonyProvince of MarylandCountyNone (Independent city)FoundedAugust 8, 1729; 296 years ago (August 8, 1729)Incorporated1796–1797Independent city1851Named afterCecil Calvert, 2nd Baron BaltimoreGovernment • TypeMayor–council • BodyBaltimore City Council • MayorBrandon Scott (D) • City Council Council members Zeke Cohen (President)Mark Parker (1)Danielle McCray (2)Ryan Dorsey (3)Mark Conway (4)Isaac "Yitzy" Schleifer (5)Sharon Green Middleton (6)James Torrence (7)Paris Gray (8)John T. Bullock (9)Phylicia Porter (10)Zac Blanchard (11)Jermaine Jones (12)Antonio Glover (13)Odette Ramos (14)  • Houses of Delegates Delegates Marlon Amprey (40) (D)Frank M. Conaway Jr. (40) (D)Melissa Wells (40) (D)Dalya Attar (41) (D)Samuel I. Rosenberg (41) (D)Malcolm Ruff (41) (D)Regina T. Boyce (43A) (D)Elizabeth Embry (43A) (D)Jackie Addison (45) (D)Stephanie M. Smith (45) (D)Caylin Young (45) (D)Luke Clippinger (46) (D)Mark Edelson (46) (D)Robbyn Lewis (46) (D)  • State Senate State senators Antonio Hayes (40) (D)Jill P. Carter (41) (D)Mary Washington (43) (D)Cory V. McCray (45) (D)Bill Ferguson (46) (D) Area • Independent city92.05 sq mi (238.41 km2) • Land80.95 sq mi (209.65 km2) • Water11.10 sq mi (28.76 km2)  12.1%Elevation0–492 ft (0–150 m)Population (2020) • Independent city585,708 • Estimate (2025)569,997  • Rank83rd in North America30th in the United States1st in Maryland • Density7,235.8/sq mi (2,793.74/km2) • Urban2,212,038 (US: 20th) • Urban density3,378/sq mi (1,304.1/km2) • Metro2,859,024 (US: 22nd)DemonymBaltimoreanGDP (Nominal, 2023) • Independent city$61.954 billion • Metro$259.690 billionTime zoneUTC−5 (EST) • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)ZIP Codes ZIP Codes 21201–21231, 21233–21237, 21239–21241, 21244, 21250–21252, 21263–21265, 21268, 21270, 21273–21275, 21278–21290, 21297–21298 Area codes410, 443, and 667Congressional districts2nd, 7thGNIS feature ID597040FIPS code24-04000Websitewww.baltimorecity.gov Baltimore (/ˈbɔːltɪˌmɔːr/ BAWL-tih-mor, locally /ˌbɔːldɪˈmɔːr/ BAWL-dih-MOR or /ˈbɔːlmər/ BAWL-mər), also known as Baltimore City, is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is the 30th-most populous U.S. city with a population of 585,708 at the 2020 census and estimated at 569,997 in 2025, while the Baltimore metropolitan area at 2.86 million residents is the 22nd-largest metropolitan area in the nation. The city is also part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area, which had a population of 9.97 million in 2020. Baltimore was designated as an independent city by the Constitution of Maryland in 1851. Though not located under the jurisdiction of any county in the state, it forms part of the Central Maryland region together with the surrounding county that shares its name. The land that is present-day Baltimore was once used as hunting ground by Paleo-Indians. In the early 1600s, the Susquehannock began to hunt there. People from the Province of Maryland established the Port of Baltimore in 1706 to support the tobacco trade with Europe and established the Town of Baltimore in 1729. During the American Revolutionary War, the Second Continental Congress briefly moved its deliberations to the Henry Fite House from December 1776 to February 1777 prior to the capture of Philadelphia to British troops, which permitted Baltimore to serve briefly as the nation's capital before it returned to Philadelphia. The Battle of Baltimore was pivotal during the War of 1812, culminating in the British bombardment of Fort McHenry, during which Francis Scott Key wrote a poem that became "The Star-Spangled Banner", which was designated as the national anthem in 1931. During the Pratt Street Riot of 1861, the city was the site of some of the earliest violence associated with the American Civil War. The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the nation's oldest, was built in 1830 and reinforced Baltimore's status as a transportation hub, giving producers in the Midwest and Appalachia access to the city's port. Baltimore's Inner Harbor was the second-leading port of entry for immigrants to the U.S. after New York's Ellis Island, making Baltimore a major manufacturing center. After a decline in heavy industry and restructuring of the rail industry, Baltimore has shifted to a service-oriented economy. Johns Hopkins Hospital and University are now the city's top employers. Baltimore is also home to the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball and the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League. It is ranked as a Gamma− world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network. The city is home to some of the earliest National Register Historic Districts in the nation, including Fell's Point, Federal Hill, and Mount Vernon. Baltimore has more public statues and monuments per capita than any other city in the U.S. Nearly one third of the buildings (over 65,000) are designated as historic in the National Register, more than any other U.S. city. Baltimore has 66 National Register Historic Districts and 33 local historic districts.
[edit] The city is named after Cecil Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, an English politician and lawyer who was a founding proprietor of the Province of Maryland. The Calverts took the title Barons Baltimore from Baltimore Manor, an estate they were granted by the Crown in County Longford as part of the plantations of Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of Baile an Tí Mhóir, meaning "town of the big house" in Irish.
[edit] Main article: History of Baltimore For a chronological guide, see Timeline of Baltimore. Pre-settlement[edit] The Baltimore area was inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, when Paleo-Indians first settled in the region. One Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period. In December 2021, several Woodland period Native American artifacts were found in Herring Run Park in northeast Baltimore, dating 5,000 to 9,000 years ago. The finding followed a period of dormancy in Baltimore City archaeological findings which had persisted since the 1980s. During the Late Woodland period, the archaeological culture known as the Potomac Creek complex resided in the area from Baltimore south to the Rappahannock River in present-day Virginia. 17th century[edit] In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was sparsely populated, if at all, by Native Americans. The Baltimore County area northward was used as hunting grounds by the Susquehannock living in the lower Susquehanna River valley. This Iroquoian-speaking people "controlled all of the upper tributaries of the Chesapeake" but "refrained from much contact with Powhatan in the Potomac region" and south into Virginia. Pressured by the Susquehannock, the Piscataway tribe, an Algonquian-speaking people, stayed well south of the Baltimore area and inhabited primarily the north bank of the Potomac River in what are now Charles and southern Prince George's counties in the coastal areas south of the Fall Line. European colonization of Maryland began in earnest with the arrival of the merchant ship The Ark carrying 140 colonists at St. Clement's Island in the Potomac River on March 25, 1634. Europeans then began to settle the area further north, in what is now Baltimore County. Since Maryland was a colony, Baltimore's streets were named to show loyalty to the mother country, e.g. King, Queen, King George and Caroline streets. The original county seat, known today as Old Baltimore, was located on Bush River within the present-day Aberdeen Proving Ground. The colonists engaged in sporadic warfare with the Susquehannock, whose numbers dwindled primarily from new infectious diseases, such as smallpox, endemic among the Europeans. In 1661, David Jones claimed the area known today as Jonestown on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream. 18th century[edit] See also: Henry Fite House Baltimore, then known as Baltimore Town, in 1752 The colonial General Assembly of Maryland created the Port of Baltimore at old Whetstone Point, now Locust Point, in 1706 for the tobacco trade. The Town of Baltimore, on the west side of the Jones Falls, was founded on August 8, 1729, when the Governor of Maryland signed an act allowing "the building of a Town on the North side of the Patapsco River". Surveyors began laying out the town on January 12, 1730. By 1752 the town had just 27 homes, including a church and two taverns. Jonestown and Fells Point had been settled to the east. The three settlements, covering 60 acres (24 ha), became a commercial hub, and in 1768 were designated as the county seat. The first printing press was introduced to the city in 1765 by Nicholas Hasselbach, whose equipment was later used in the printing of Baltimore's first newspapers, The Maryland Journal and The Baltimore Advertiser, first published by William Goddard in 1773. Baltimore grew swiftly in the 18th century, its plantations producing grain and tobacco for sugar-producing colonies in the Caribbean. The profit from sugar encouraged the cultivation of cane in the Caribbean and the importation of food by planters there. Since Baltimore was the county seat, a courthouse was built in 1768 to serve both the city and county. Its square was a center of community meetings and discussions. Baltimore established its public market system in 1763. Lexington Market, founded in 1782, is one of the oldest continuously operating public markets in the United States today. Lexington Market was also a center of slave trading. Enslaved Black people were sold at numerous sites through the downtown area, with sales advertised in The Baltimore Sun. Both tobacco and sugar cane were labor-intensive crops. In 1774, Baltimore established the first post office system in what became the United States, and the first water company chartered in the newly independent nation, Baltimore Water Company, 1792. Baltimore played a part in the American Revolution. City leaders such as Jonathan Plowman Jr. led many residents to resist British taxes, and merchants signed agreements refusing to trade with Britain. The Second Continental Congress met in the Henry Fite House from December 1776 to February 1777, effectively making the city the capital of the United States during this period. Baltimore, Jonestown, and Fells Point were incorporated as the City of Baltimore in 1796–1797. 19th century[edit] An American flag flying at Fort McHenry following the fort's bombing by the Royal Navy in the Battle of Baltimore in 1814 inspired Francis Scott Key to write the poem that later became the "Star Spangled Banner". The Battle Monument, the official emblem of Baltimore The 6th Cavalry Regiment fighting railroad strikers in Baltimore on July 20, 1877 The city remained a part of surrounding Baltimore County and continued to serve as its county seat from 1768 to 1851, after which it became an independent city. The British bombardment of Baltimore in 1814 inspired the U.S. national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner", and the construction of the Battle Monument, which became the city's official emblem. A distinctive local culture started to take shape, and a unique skyline peppered with churches and monuments developed. Baltimore acquired its moniker "The Monumental City" after an 1827 visit to Baltimore by President John Quincy Adams. At an evening function, Adams gave the following toast: "Baltimore: the Monumental City—May the days of her safety be as prosperous and happy, as the days of her dangers have been trying and triumphant." Baltimore pioneered the use of gas lighting in 1816, and its population grew rapidly in the following decades, with concomitant development of culture and infrastructure. The construction of the federally funded National Road, which later became part of U.S. Route 40, and the private Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B. & O.) made Baltimore a major shipping and manufacturing center by linking the city with major markets in the Midwest. By 1820 its population had reached 60,000, and its economy had shifted from its base in tobacco plantations to sawmilling, shipbuilding, and textile production. These industries benefited from war but successfully shifted into infrastructure development during peacetime. Baltimore had one of the worst riots of the antebellum South in 1835, when bad investments led to the Baltimore bank riot. It was these riots that led to the city being nicknamed "Mobtown". Soon after the city created the world's first dental college, the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, in 1840, and shared in the world's first telegraph line, between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., in 1844. Maryland, a slave state with limited popular support for secession, especially in the three counties of Southern Maryland, remained part of the Union during the American Civil War, following the 55–12 vote by the Maryland General Assembly against secession. In February 1861, a plot in Baltimore to assassinate President-elect Abraham Lincoln was foiled by agents of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency. Lincoln was able to pass through the city unnoticed, and arrived in Washington to be inaugurated a little more than a week later. Later, the Union's strategic occupation of the city in 1861 ensured Maryland would not further consider secession. The Union's capital of Washington, D.C. was well-situated to impede Baltimore and Maryland's communication or commerce with the Confederacy. Baltimore experienced some of the first casualties of the Civil War on April 19, 1861, when Union Army soldiers en route from President Street Station to Camden Yards clashed with a secessionist mob in the Pratt Street riot. In the midst of the Long Depression that followed the Panic of 1873, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad company attempted to lower its workers' wages, leading to strikes and riots in the city and beyond. Strikers clashed with the National Guard, leaving 10 dead and 25 wounded. settlement movement work in Baltimore began in 1893 with the founding of the Lawrence House on West Lombard Street. 20th century[edit] The Great Baltimore Fire in 1904 photographed from Pratt and Gay streets; the fire destroyed over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours. On February 7, 1904, the Great Baltimore Fire destroyed more than 1,500 buildings and left over 70 blocks of downtown Baltimore burned to the ground. Damage was estimated at $150 million in 1904 dollars. Rebuilding over the following years included improvements in firefighting equipment standards. In 1910, Baltimore enacted a residential segregation ordinance that restricted African-Americans from moving into majority-White blocks, and White residents from moving into majority-Black blocks. It was the first ordinance of its kind in the United States and became a model for similar laws in other southern cities, although the U.S. Supreme Court later ruled such ordinances unconstitutional in Buchanan v. Warley (1917). Baltimore expanded through annexations until 1918, when it acquired portions of Baltimore County and Anne Arundel County. A 1948 state constitutional amendment required a local vote in any area proposed for annexation, effectively preventing further expansion of the city's boundaries. During the mid-20th century, migration from the Deep South and white suburbanization changed the city's demographics: the Black share of the population rose from 23.8% in 1950 to 46.4% in 1970. The Baltimore riot of 1968 followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968. Public order was not restored until April 12, and National Guard and federal troops were sent into the city. In 1974, the city again faced major disruption when teachers, municipal workers, and police officers went on strike. By the early 1970s, the Inner Harbor had declined into an area of abandoned warehouses. Redevelopment began with projects such as the Maryland Science Center in 1976, the Baltimore World Trade Center in 1977, and the Baltimore Convention Center in 1979. Harborplace opened in 1980, followed by the National Aquarium and the Baltimore Museum of Industry in 1981. In 1992, the Baltimore Orioles moved from Memorial Stadium to Oriole Park at Camden Yards, near the Inner Harbor. The Baltimore Ravens later moved into M&T Bank Stadium, next to Camden Yards, in 1998. 21st century[edit] Baltimore has seen the reopening of the Hippodrome Theatre in 2004, the opening of the Reginald F. Lewis Museum of Maryland African American History & Culture in 2005, and the establishment of the National Slavic Museum in 2012. In April 2012, Johns Hopkins dedicated a $1.1 billion expansion of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, among the largest medical complexes in the United States, comprising the Sheikh Zayed Cardiovascular and Critical Care Tower and the Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children's Center. Port Covington[edit] In September 2016, the Baltimore City Council approved a $660 million bond deal for the $5.5 billion Port Covington redevelopment project championed by Under Armour founder Kevin Plank and his real estate company Sagamore Development. Port Covington surpassed the Harbor Point development as the largest tax-increment financing deal in Baltimore's history and among the largest urban redevelopment projects in the country. The waterfront development includes a new headquarters for Under Armour along with shops, housing, offices, and manufacturing space. The partially collapsed Francis Scott Key bridge after being hit by the MV Dali in 2024 Bridge collapse[edit] In the early hours of March 26, 2024, the city's 1.6-mile (2.6 km) Francis Scott Key Bridge, which constituted a southeast portion of the Baltimore Beltway, was struck by a container ship and completely collapsed. A major rescue operation was launched with US authorities attempting to rescue people in the water. Eight construction workers, who were working on the bridge at the time, fell into the Patapsco River. Two people were rescued from the water, and the bodies of the remaining six were all found by May 7. Replacement of the bridge was estimated in May 2024 at a cost approaching $2 billion for a fall 2028 completion.
[edit] Baltimore is in north-central Maryland on the Patapsco River, close to where it empties into the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is located on the fall line between the Piedmont Plateau and the Atlantic coastal plain, which divides Baltimore into "lower city" and "upper city". Baltimore's elevation ranges from sea level at the harbor to 480 feet (150 m) in the northwest corner near Pimlico. In the 2010 census, Baltimore has a total area of 92.1 square miles (239 km2), of which 80.9 sq mi (210 km2) is land and 11.1 sq mi (29 km2) is water. The total area is 12.1 percent water. Baltimore is almost entirely surrounded by Baltimore County, but is politically independent of it. It is bordered by Anne Arundel County to the south. Cityscape[edit] A panoramic view of Baltimore in September 2016, including the Inner and Outer Harbors at dusk, seen from HarborView Condominium Architecture[edit] An Italianate rowhouse clad in formstone in West Baltimore Baltimore exhibits examples from each period of architecture over more than two centuries, and work from architects such as Benjamin Latrobe, George A. Frederick, John Russell Pope, Mies van der Rohe, and I. M. Pei. Baltimore is rich in architecturally significant buildings in a variety of styles. The Baltimore Basilica (1806–1821) is a neoclassical design by Benjamin Latrobe, and one of the oldest Catholic cathedrals in the United States. In 1813, Robert Cary Long Sr. built for Rembrandt Peale the first substantial structure in the United States designed expressly as a museum. Restored, it is now the Municipal Museum of Baltimore, or popularly the Peale Museum. The Phoenix Shot Tower (1828), at 234.25 feet (71.40 m) tall, was the tallest building in the United States until the time of the Civil War, and is one of few remaining structures of its kind. It was constructed without the use of exterior scaffolding. The Sun Iron Building, designed by R.C. Hatfield in 1851, was the city's first iron-front building and was a model for a whole generation of downtown buildings. Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church, built in 1870 in memory of financier George Brown, has stained glass windows by Louis Comfort Tiffany and has been called "one of the most significant buildings in this city, a treasure of art and architecture" by Baltimore magazine. The 1845 Greek Revival-style Lloyd Street Synagogue is one of the oldest synagogues in the United States. The Johns Hopkins Hospital, designed by Lt. Col. John S. Billings in 1876, was a considerable achievement for its day in functional arrangement and fireproofing. I.M. Pei's World Trade Center (1977) is the tallest equilateral pentagonal building in the world at 405 feet (123 m) tall. The streets of Baltimore are organized in a grid and spoke pattern, lined with tens of thousands of rowhouses whose mix of brick and formstone facings gives the city a distinct look; the latter was a technology patented in 1937 by Albert Knight. John Waters characterized formstone as "the polyester of brick". Developers began building entire neighborhoods of rowhouses in the mid-1790s, and the form became the dominant house type of the city early in the 19th century. Oriole Park at Camden Yards is a Major League Baseball park, which opened in 1992 and was built as a retro style baseball park. Along with the National Aquarium, Camden Yards have helped revive the Inner Harbor area from what once was an exclusively industrial district full of dilapidated warehouses into a bustling commercial district full of bars, restaurants, and retail establishments. Neighborhoods[edit] See also: List of Baltimore neighborhoods A map of Baltimore's designated neighborhoods Baltimore is commonly divided into nine geographic regions: North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, Northwest, and Central, each corresponding to a Baltimore Police Department district. I-83 and Charles Street to Hanover Street and Ritchie Highway serve as a rough east–west dividing line, while Eastern Avenue to Route 40 serves as a north–south divider; for the U.S. Postal Service, Baltimore Street is the north–south dividing line. Central Baltimore includes Downtown and the Inner Harbor, the city's main commercial district and home to Oriole Park at Camden Yards, M&T Bank Stadium, Harborplace, the Baltimore Convention Center, the National Aquarium, Maryland Science Center, the University of Maryland, Baltimore, the University of Maryland Medical Center, and Lexington Market. North Baltimore contains historic neighborhoods such as Govans, Roland Park, Guilford, Homeland, Hampden, Charles Village, and Mount Washington, as well as the Station North Arts and Entertainment District. South Baltimore and Southeast Baltimore include mixed residential, industrial, and waterfront neighborhoods such as Federal Hill, Locust Point, Fells Point, Canton, Highlandtown, Little Italy, and Greektown. Landmarks in these areas include Fort McHenry, Patterson Park, the Highlandtown Arts District, and Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center. Northeast Baltimore is largely residential and includes Morgan State University, Baltimore City College, the former site of Memorial Stadium, and Lake Montebello. East Baltimore includes Johns Hopkins Hospital, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and neighborhoods such as Armistead Gardens, Broadway East, Barclay, and McElderry Park. Northwest Baltimore includes Pimlico Race Course, Sinai Hospital, the headquarters of the NAACP, and neighborhoods such as Pimlico, Mount Washington, Cheswolde, and Park Heights. West Baltimore includes the Old West Baltimore Historic District, historically a center of the city's Black community, as well as Coppin State University, Mondawmin Mall, and Edmondson Village. Southwest Baltimore includes Pigtown, Carrollton Ridge, Ridgely's Delight, Leakin Park, and St. Agnes Hospital. Adjacent communities[edit] Baltimore is bordered by the following communities, all unincorporated census-designated places. Arbutus Baltimore Highlands Brooklyn Park Catonsville Dundalk Glen Burnie Lansdowne Lochearn Nottingham Overlea Parkville Pasadena Pikesville Rosedale Towson Woodlawn Climate[edit] A climate chart for Baltimore Baltimore has a humid subtropical (Köppen: Cfa) or oceanic (Trewartha: Doak) climate, with hot summers, cool winters, and a summer peak to annual precipitation. Baltimore is part of USDA plant hardiness zones 7b and 8a. Summers are hot and humid, with a daily average in July of 80.7 °F (27.1 °C) and occasional late-day thunderstorms. Spring and autumn are mild, with spring the wettest season by number of precipitation days. Winters range from chilly to mild, with sporadic snowfall: January has a daily average of 35.8 °F (2.1 °C), though temperatures reach 50 °F (10 °C) quite often and can occasionally drop below 20 °F (−7 °C) when Arctic air masses affect the area. According to Vox, winters are warming faster than summers. A southeasterly bay breeze off the Chesapeake often occurs on summer afternoons; interacting with prevailing southwesterly winds and the city's urban heat island, it can exacerbate air quality. In late summer and early autumn, hurricanes or their remnants may cause flooding in downtown Baltimore, despite the city being far removed from the typical coastal storm surge areas. The average seasonal snowfall is 19 inches (48 cm). It varies greatly by year, with some seasons seeing only trace accumulations of snow, while others see several major Nor'easters. Owing to lessened urban heat island (UHI) as compared to the city proper and distance from the moderating Chesapeake Bay, the outlying and inland parts of the Baltimore metro area are usually cooler, especially at night, than the city proper and the coastal towns. Thus, in the northern and western suburbs, winter snowfall is more significant, and some areas average more than 30 in (76 cm) of snow per winter. It is common in winter for the rain-snow line to set up in the metro area, and freezing rain and sleet occur a few times some winters.[citation needed] Like all of Maryland, Baltimore is at risk for increased impacts of climate change. Historically, flooding has ruined houses and almost killed people, especially in lower income majority Black neighborhoods, and caused sewage backups, given the existing disrepair of Baltimore's water system. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −7 °F (−22 °C), most recently on January 22, 1984, up to 108 °F (42 °C) on July 22, 2011. On average, temperatures of 100 °F (38 °C) or more occur on three days annually, 90 °F (32 °C) or more on 43 days, and there are nine days where the high fails to reach the freezing mark. Climate data for Baltimore (Baltimore/Washington International Airport) 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1872–present) Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °F (°C) 79(26) 83(28) 90(32) 94(34) 98(37) 105(41) 107(42) 105(41) 101(38) 98(37) 86(30) 77(25) 107(42) Mean maximum °F (°C) 64.6(18.1) 66.4(19.1) 75.9(24.4) 85.8(29.9) 91.0(32.8) 95.9(35.5) 98.0(36.7) 95.9(35.5) 91.1(32.8) 83.8(28.8) 74.3(23.5) 66.0(18.9) 98.9(37.2) Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 43.2(6.2) 46.4(8.0) 54.8(12.7) 66.5(19.2) 75.5(24.2) 84.4(29.1) 88.8(31.6) 86.5(30.3) 79.7(26.5) 68.3(20.2) 57.3(14.1) 47.5(8.6) 66.6(19.2) Daily mean °F (°C) 34.3(1.3) 36.6(2.6) 44.3(6.8) 55.0(12.8) 64.4(18.0) 73.5(23.1) 78.3(25.7) 76.2(24.6) 69.2(20.7) 57.4(14.1) 46.9(8.3) 38.6(3.7) 56.2(13.4) Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 25.4(−3.7) 26.9(−2.8) 33.9(1.1) 43.6(6.4) 53.3(11.8) 62.6(17.0) 67.7(19.8) 65.8(18.8) 58.8(14.9) 46.5(8.1) 36.5(2.5) 29.6(−1.3) 45.9(7.7) Mean minimum °F (°C) 9.1(−12.7) 12.2(−11.0) 18.9(−7.3) 29.7(−1.3) 38.8(3.8) 49.3(9.6) 57.9(14.4) 55.8(13.2) 45.1(7.3) 32.8(0.4) 22.9(−5.1) 15.6(−9.1) 6.9(−13.9) Record low °F (°C) −7(−22) −7(−22) 4(−16) 15(−9) 32(0) 40(4) 50(10) 45(7) 35(2) 25(−4) 12(−11) −3(−19) −7(−22) Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.08(78) 2.90(74) 4.01(102) 3.39(86) 3.85(98) 3.98(101) 4.48(114) 4.09(104) 4.44(113) 3.94(100) 3.13(80) 3.71(94) 45.00(1,143) Average snowfall inches (cm) 6.4(16) 7.5(19) 2.8(7.1) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.0(0.0) 0.1(0.25) 2.5(6.4) 19.3(49) Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 10.1 9.3 11.0 11.2 11.9 11.3 10.4 9.6 9.1 8.6 8.5 10.3 121.3 Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 2.8 2.9 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.5 9.0 Average relative humidity (%) 63.2 61.3 59.2 58.9 66.1 68.4 69.1 71.1 71.3 69.5 66.5 65.5 65.8 Average dew point °F (°C) 19.9(−6.7) 21.6(−5.8) 28.9(−1.7) 37.6(3.1) 50.4(10.2) 60.1(15.6) 64.6(18.1) 64.0(17.8) 57.6(14.2) 45.5(7.5) 35.2(1.8) 25.3(−3.7) 42.6(5.9) Mean monthly sunshine hours 155.4 164.0 215.0 230.7 254.5 277.3 290.1 264.4 221.8 205.5 158.5 144.5 2,581.7 Percentage possible sunshine 51 54 58 58 57 62 64 62 59 59 52 49 58 Source: NOAA (relative humidity , dew points and sun 1961–1990) Climate data for Baltimore (Maryland Science Center) 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1950–present Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °F (°C) 77(25) 84(29) 97(36) 98(37) 100(38) 106(41) 108(42) 106(41) 102(39) 95(35) 87(31) 85(29) 108(42) Mean maximum °F (°C) 65.0(18.3) 66.5(19.2) 77.0(25.0) 87.7(30.9) 92.5(33.6) 97.3(36.3) 99.7(37.6) 97.8(36.6) 92.9(33.8) 85.4(29.7) 75.4(24.1) 67.1(19.5) 100.9(38.3) Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 43.7(6.5) 46.8(8.2) 55.2(12.9) 66.8(19.3) 75.9(24.4) 85.4(29.7) 90.1(32.3) 87.3(30.7) 80.4(26.9) 68.8(20.4) 57.6(14.2) 48.0(8.9) 67.2(19.6) Daily mean °F (°C) 36.9(2.7) 39.4(4.1) 46.9(8.3) 57.5(14.2) 67.0(19.4) 76.6(24.8) 81.5(27.5) 79.1(26.2) 72.5(22.5) 60.7(15.9) 50.1(10.1) 41.3(5.2) 59.1(15.1) Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 30.0(−1.1) 31.9(−0.1) 38.7(3.7) 48.2(9.0) 58.0(14.4) 67.7(19.8) 72.9(22.7) 71.0(21.7) 64.5(18.1) 52.6(11.4) 42.6(5.9) 34.6(1.4) 51.1(10.6) Mean minimum °F (°C) 14.7(−9.6) 17.3(−8.2) 23.9(−4.5) 36.2(2.3) 46.9(8.3) 57.5(14.2) 65.6(18.7) 63.2(17.3) 53.4(11.9) 40.3(4.6) 29.9(−1.2) 22.2(−5.4) 12.5(−10.8) Record low °F (°C) −4(−20) −3(−19) 12(−11) 21(−6) 36(2) 48(9) 58(14) 52(11) 40(4) 30(−1) 16(−9) 6(−14) −4(−20) Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.07(78) 2.75(70) 3.93(100) 3.55(90) 3.39(86) 3.36(85) 4.71(120) 4.35(110) 4.49(114) 3.49(89) 2.98(76) 3.66(93) 43.73(1,111) Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 9.9 9.7 10.7 11.0 11.3 10.7 10.6 9.5 8.5 8.5 8.1 10.2 118.7 Source: NOAA Climate data for Baltimore Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Average sea temperature °F (°C) 46.0(7.8) 44.4(6.9) 45.1(7.3) 50.4(10.2) 55.9(13.3) 68.2(20.1) 75.6(24.2) 77.4(25.2) 73.4(23.0) 66.0(18.9) 57.2(14.0) 50.7(10.4) 59.2(15.1) Mean daily daylight hours 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 15.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 12.2 Source: Weather Atlas This graph was using the legacy Graph extension, which is no longer supported. It needs to be converted to the new Chart extension. See or edit raw graph data.
[edit] Population[edit] Historical populationYearPop.±%1752200—    17755,934+2867.0%179013,503+127.6%180026,514+96.4%181046,555+75.6%182062,738+34.8%183080,620+28.5%1840102,313+26.9%1850169,054+65.2%1860212,418+25.7%1870267,354+25.9%1880332,313+24.3%1890434,439+30.7%1900508,957+17.2%1910558,485+9.7%1920733,826+31.4%1930804,874+9.7%1940859,100+6.7%1950949,708+10.5%1960939,024−1.1%1970905,787−3.5%1980786,741−13.1%1990736,016−6.4%2000651,154−11.5%2010620,961−4.6%2020585,708−5.7%2025 est.569,997−2.7%U.S. Decennial Census1790–1960 1900–19901990–2000 2010–2020 1752 estimate & 1775 census Baltimore reached a peak population of 949,708 at the 1950 U.S. census count. In every ten-year census count since then, the city has lost population, with its 2020 census population at 585,708. Baltimore is the most populous independent city in the United States. Baltimore City's population declined from 620,961 in 2010 to 585,708 in 2020, representing a 5.7% drop. In 2020, Baltimore lost more population than any other major city in the United States. The population increased for the first time in decades in 2024. Gentrification has increased since the 2000 census, primarily in East Baltimore, downtown, and Central Baltimore, with 14.8% of census tracts having had income growth and home values appreciation at a rate higher than the city overall. Many, but not all, gentrifying neighborhoods are predominantly white areas which have seen a turnover from lower income to higher income households. These areas represent either expansion of existing gentrified areas, or activity around the Inner Harbor, downtown, or the Johns Hopkins Homewood campus. In some neighborhoods in East Baltimore, the Hispanic population has increased, while both the non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black populations have declined. After New York City, Baltimore was the second city in the United States to reach a population of 100,000. It was the second most-populous U.S. city from 1820 to 1850, and remained among the ten largest in every census through 1980. After World War II, the city's population approached one million before beginning its decline after the 1950 census. Characteristics[edit] Further information: Ethnic groups in Baltimore A racial distribution map of Baltimore, 2010 U.S. census. Each dot is 25 people: ⬤ White ⬤ Black ⬤ Asian ⬤ Hispanic ⬤ Other Historical racial and ethnic profile 2020 2010 1990 1970 1940 White 31.9% 29.6% 39.1% 53.0% 80.6% —Non-Hispanic whites 27.6% 28.0% 38.6% 52.3% 80.6% Black or African American (non-Hispanic) 62.4% 63.7% 59.2% 46.4% 19.3% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 6.0% 4.2% 1.0% 0.9% 0.1% Asian 2.8% 2.3% 1.1% 0.3% 0.1% Baltimore city, Maryland – Racial and ethnic compositionNote: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) Pop 1980 Pop 1990 Pop 2000 Pop 2010 Pop 2020 % 1980 % 1990 % 2000 % 2010 % 2020 White alone (NH) 341,699 284,187 201,566 174,120 157,296 43.43% 38.61% 30.96% 28.04% 26.86% Black or African American alone (NH) 428,279 433,705 417,009 392,938 335,615 54.43% 58.93% 64.04% 63.28% 57.30% Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) 2,108 2,445 1,946 1,884 1,278 0.27% 0.33% 0.30% 0.30% 0.22% Asian alone (NH) 4,949 7,689 9,824 14,397 21,020 0.63% 1.04% 1.51% 2.32% 3.59% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) x x 193 192 152 x x 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% Other race alone (NH) 2,102 386 1,143 942 3,332 0.27% 0.05% 0.18% 0.15% 0.57% Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) x x 8,412 10,528 21,088 x x 1.29% 1.70% 3.60% Hispanic or Latino (any race) 7,638 7,602 11,061 25,960 45,927 0.97% 1.03% 1.70% 4.18% 7.84% Total 786,775 736,014 651,154 620,961 585,708 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% In the 2010 census[update], Baltimore's population was 63.7% Black, 29.6% White (the largest ancestries being German, Italian, and Irish), 2.3% Asian, and 0.4% Native American and Alaska Native. Across races, 4.2% of the population were of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin, most commonly Salvadoran and Mexican. As per the 2020 census, 8.1% of residents between 2016 and 2020 were foreign born persons. Females made up 53.4% of the population. The median age was 35 years old, with 22.4% under 18 years old, 65.8% from 18 to 64 years old, and 11.8% 65 or older. Baltimore has a large Caribbean American population, with the largest groups being Jamaicans and Trinidadians. Baltimore's Jamaican community is largely centered in the Park Heights neighborhood, but generations of immigrants have also lived in Southeast Baltimore. In 2005, approximately 30,778 people (6.5%) identified as gay, lesbian, or bisexual. In 2012, same-sex marriage in Maryland was legalized, going into effect January 1, 2013. Income and housing[edit] Between 2016 and 2020, the median household income was $52,164 and the median income per capita was $32,699, compared to the national averages of $64,994 and $35,384, respectively. In 2009, the median household income was $42,241 and the median income per capita was $25,707, compared to the national median income of $53,889 per household and $28,930 per capita. In 2009, 23.7% of the population lived below the poverty line, compared to 13.5% nationwide. In the 2020 census, 20% of Baltimore residents were living in poverty, compared to 11.6% nationwide. Housing in Baltimore is relatively inexpensive for large, near-coastal cities of its size. The median sale price for homes in Baltimore as of December 2022 was $209,000, up from $95,000 in 2012. Despite the late 2000s housing price collapse, and along with the national trends, Baltimore residents still faced slowly increasing rent, up 3% in the summer of 2010. The median value of owner-occupied housing units between 2016 and 2020 was $242,499. The homeless population in Baltimore is steadily increasing. It exceeded 4,000 people in 2011. The increase in the number of young homeless people was particularly severe. Life expectancy[edit] In 2015, the life expectancy in Baltimore was 74 to 75 years, compared to the U.S. average of 78 to 80. Fourteen neighborhoods, concentrated in East, West, and South Baltimore, had lower life expectancies than North Korea, and the figure in Seton Hill was comparable to that of Yemen. Religion[edit] Baltimore Basilica, the first Catholic cathedral built in the United States In 2015, 25% of adults in Baltimore reported affiliation with no religion. 50% of the adult population of Baltimore are Protestants. Catholicism is the second-largest religious affiliation, constituting 15% percent of the population, followed by Judaism (3%) and Islam (2%). Around 1% identify with other Christian denominations. Languages[edit] In 2010, 91% (526,705) of Baltimore residents five years old and older spoke only English at home. Close to 4% (21,661) spoke Spanish. Other languages, such as African languages, French, and Chinese are spoken by less than 1% of the population.
[edit] Once a predominantly industrial town, with an economic base focused on steel processing, shipping, auto manufacturing (General Motors Baltimore Assembly), and transportation, Baltimore experienced deindustrialization, which cost residents tens of thousands of low-skill, high-wage jobs. Baltimore now relies on a low-wage service economy, which accounts for 31% of jobs in the city. Around the turn of the 20th century, Baltimore was the leading U.S. manufacturer of rye whiskey and straw hats. It led in the refining of crude oil, brought to the city by pipeline from Pennsylvania. In March 2018, Baltimore's unemployment rate was 5.8%. In 2012, one quarter of Baltimore residents, and 37% of Baltimore children, lived in poverty. Downtown Baltimore is the primary economic asset within the city and region, with 29.1 million square feet of office space, and its tech sector is growing: the metro ranked 8th in the 2015 CBRE Tech Talent Report among 50 U.S. metro areas, and in 2013 Forbes ranked Baltimore fourth among America's "new tech hot spots". The city is home to the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Other large companies in Baltimore include Under Armour, BRT Laboratories, Cordish Company, Legg Mason, McCormick & Company, T. Rowe Price, and Royal Farms. A sugar refinery owned by American Sugar Refining is one of Baltimore's cultural icons. Nonprofits based in Baltimore include Lutheran Services in America, Catholic Relief Services and Jhpiego. Almost a quarter of the jobs in the Baltimore region were in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics as of mid-2013, a fact attributed in part to the city's extensive undergraduate and graduate schools; maintenance and repair experts were included in this count. Port[edit] The center of international commerce for the region is the World Trade Center Baltimore, which houses the Maryland Port Administration and U.S. headquarters for major shipping lines. Among all U.S. ports, Baltimore is ranked 9th for total dollar value of cargo and 13th for cargo tonnage. In 2014, cargo moving through the port totaled 29.5 million tons valued at $52.5 billion. The Port of Baltimore generates $3 billion in annual wages and salary, supports 14,630 direct jobs and 108,000 jobs connected to port work, and in 2014 generated more than $300 million in taxes. The port serves over 50 ocean carriers, making nearly 1,800 annual visits. Among all U.S. ports, Baltimore is first in handling automobiles, light trucks, farm and construction machinery; and imported forest products, aluminum, and sugar. The port is second in coal exports. The Port of Baltimore's cruise industry, which offers year-round trips on several lines, supports over 400 jobs and brings in over $63 million to Maryland's economy annually. Tourism[edit] Baltimore's history and attractions have made it a popular tourist destination. In 2014, the city hosted 24.5 million visitors, who spent $5.2 billion. Much of the city's tourism centers around the Inner Harbor, with the National Aquarium being Maryland's top tourist destination. Baltimore Harbor's restoration has made it "a city of boats", with several historic ships maintained by the Historic Ships in Baltimore organization and open to the public. These include the USS Constellation, the last Civil War-era vessel afloat; the submarine USS Torsk; the Coast Guard cutter WHEC-37, which was at Pearl Harbor during the 1941 attack; the lightship Chesapeake; and the Seven Foot Knoll Lighthouse, the oldest surviving screw-pile lighthouse on Chesapeake Bay. The Inner Harbor is also the home port of Pride of Baltimore II, the state's "goodwill ambassador" ship and a reconstruction of a famous Baltimore Clipper. Other tourist destinations include sporting venues such as Oriole Park at Camden Yards, M&T Bank Stadium, and Pimlico Race Course, Fort McHenry, the Mount Vernon, Federal Hill, and Fells Point neighborhoods, Lexington Market, Horseshoe Casino, and museums such as the Walters Art Museum, the Baltimore Museum of Industry, the Babe Ruth Birthplace and Museum, the Maryland Science Center, and the B&O Railroad Museum. The Baltimore Visitor Center at the Inner Harbor Fountain near visitor center in Inner Harbor Sunset at Inner Harbor Baltimore is the home of the National Aquarium, one of the world's largest aquariums.
[edit] Main article: Culture of Baltimore See also: List of people from Baltimore, Music of Baltimore, and List of museums in Baltimore The Washington Monument, erected in 1815 in Baltimore in honor of George Washington Emerson Bromo-Seltzer Tower, built in 1911, includes 15 stories that have been transformed into studio spaces for visual and literary artists. Baltimore has historically been a working-class port town, sometimes dubbed a "city of neighborhoods". It comprises 72 designated historic districts traditionally occupied by distinct ethnic groups. Most notable today are three downtown areas along the port: the Inner Harbor, frequented by tourists because of its hotels, shops, and museums; Fells Point, once a favorite entertainment spot for sailors but now refurbished and gentrified (and featured in the movie Sleepless in Seattle); and Little Italy which is located between the other two and is where Baltimore's Italian-American community is based. Further inland, Mount Vernon is the traditional center of cultural and artistic life of the city. It is home to a distinctive Washington Monument, set atop a hill in a 19th-century urban square, that predates the monument in Washington, D.C. by several decades. Baltimore has a significant German American population, and was the second-largest port of immigration to the United States behind Ellis Island in New York and New Jersey. Between 1820 and 1989, almost 2 million migrants—among them German, Polish, English, Irish, Russian, Lithuanian, Greek and Italian—came to Baltimore, mostly between 1861 and 1930. By 1913 the city was averaging forty thousand immigrants per year, until World War I closed off the flow. A Chinatown dating to at least the 1880s once held some 400 Chinese residents; a local Chinese-American association remains based there. Beer making thrived in Baltimore from the 1800s to the 1950s, with over 100 breweries in the city's past. The best remaining examples are the old American Brewery Building on North Gay Street and the National Brewing Company building in Brewer's Hill. In the 1940s the National Brewing Company introduced the nation's first six-pack; its two most prominent brands were National Bohemian Beer (colloquially "Natty Boh") and Colt 45. Both are still made today, albeit outside Maryland, and remain local staples whose "Natty Boh" mascot appears on merchandise throughout the area. Each year the Artscape takes place in the city in the Bolton Hill neighborhood, close to the Maryland Institute College of Art. Artscape styles itself as the "largest free arts festival in America". Each May, the Maryland Film Festival takes place in Baltimore, using all five screens of the historic Charles Theatre as its anchor venue. Many movies and television shows have been filmed in Baltimore. Homicide: Life on the Street was set and filmed in Baltimore, as well as The Wire. House of Cards and Veep are set in Washington, D.C. but filmed in Baltimore. Baltimore has cultural museums in many areas of study. The Baltimore Museum of Art and the Walters Art Museum are internationally renowned for their collections of art. The Baltimore Museum of Art has the largest holding of works by Henri Matisse in the world. The American Visionary Art Museum has been designated by Congress as America's national museum for visionary art. The National Great Blacks In Wax Museum is the first African American wax museum in the country, featuring more than 150 life-size and lifelike wax figures. Cuisine[edit] Baltimore is known for its Maryland blue crabs, crab cake, Old Bay Seasoning, pit beef, and the "chicken box" (chicken wings with french fries). The city has many restaurants in or around the Inner Harbor, with Little Italy and Fells Point—home to the country's oldest continuously running tavern, "The Horse You Came in on Saloon"—drawing tourists and locals alike. The Baltimore Public Market System is the oldest continuously operating public market system in the United States, and Lexington Market, dating to 1782, is among the longest-running in the world. Baltimore is also the last place in America with arabbers, vendors who sell produce from horse-drawn carts. In 2015, Zagat ranked Baltimore second on a list of the 17 best food cities in the U.S. Local dialect[edit] Main article: Baltimore dialect Baltimore city, along with its surrounding regions, is home to a unique local dialect known as the Baltimore dialect. It is part of the larger Mid-Atlantic American English group and is noted to be very similar to the Philadelphia dialect. The so-called "Bawlmerese" (named so for how locals often pronounce the city as "Bawlmore") accent is known for its characteristic pronunciation of its long "o" vowel, in which an "eh" sound is added before the long "o" sound (/oʊ/ shifts to [ɘʊ], or even [eʊ]). It adopts Philadelphia's pattern of the short "a" sound, such that the tensed vowel in words like "bath" or "ask" does not match the more relaxed one in "sad" or "act". Baltimore native John Waters parodies the city and its dialect extensively in his films. Most are filmed in Baltimore, including the 1972 cult classic Pink Flamingos, as well as Hairspray and its Broadway musical remake. Performing arts[edit] The Hippodrome Theatre Baltimore has four state-designated arts and entertainment districts: The Pennsylvania Avenue Black Arts and Entertainment District, Station North Arts and Entertainment District, Highlandtown Arts District, and the Bromo Arts & Entertainment District. The Baltimore Office of Promotion and the Arts (BOPA), the official city arts council, produces arts programs, manages several facilities, and coordinates major events such as the Inner Harbor's New Year's Eve and July 4 celebrations, Artscape, the Baltimore Book Festival, and the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Parade. The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra is an internationally renowned orchestra, founded in 1916 as a publicly funded municipal organization. Its most recent music director was Marin Alsop, a protégé of Leonard Bernstein's. Centerstage is the premier theater company in the city and a regionally well-respected group. The Lyric Opera House is the home of Lyric Opera Baltimore, which operates there as part of the Patricia and Arthur Modell Performing Arts Center. Shriver Hall Concert Series, founded in 1966, presents classical chamber music and recitals featuring nationally and internationally recognized artists. The Peabody Institute, located in the Mount Vernon neighborhood, is the oldest conservatory of music in the United States. Established in 1857, it is one of the most prestigious in the world, along with Juilliard, Eastman, and the Curtis Institute. The Morgan State University Choir is one of the nation's most prestigious university choral ensembles. The city is also home to the Baltimore School for the Arts, a public high school in Mount Vernon nationally recognized for preparing students in music, theatre, dance, and visual arts. In 1981, Baltimore hosted the first International Theater Festival, staging 66 performances of nine shows by international theatre companies; the event proved expensive and moved to Denver the following year. In June 1986, the 20th Theatre of Nations, sponsored by the International Theatre Institute, was held in Baltimore, the first time it had taken place in the U.S.
[edit] Main article: Sports in Baltimore Baseball[edit] Further information: List of World Series champions and American League Championship Series Oriole Park at Camden Yards, home to the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball Baltimore has a long and storied baseball history, including its distinction as the birthplace of Babe Ruth in 1895. The original 19th-century Baltimore Orioles (1882–1899) were among the most successful early franchises. A short-lived American League Orioles played in 1901–1902 before moving to New York and becoming the New York Yankees, while Ruth played for the minor-league Orioles, who competed locally until 1953.[citation needed] The team currently known as the Baltimore Orioles has represented Major League Baseball locally since 1954 when the St. Louis Browns moved to Baltimore. The Orioles advanced to the World Series in 1966, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1979 and 1983, winning three times (1966, 1970 and 1983), while making the playoffs all but one year (1972) from 1969 through 1974. In 1995, local player (and later Hall of Famer) Cal Ripken Jr. broke Lou Gehrig's streak of 2,130 consecutive games played, for which Ripken was named Sportsman of the Year by Sports Illustrated magazine.[citation needed] Six former Orioles players, including Ripken (2007), and two of the team's managers have been inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. Since 1992, the Orioles' home ballpark has been Oriole Park at Camden Yards, which has been hailed as one of the league's best since it opened. Football[edit] Further information: History of the Baltimore Colts and Baltimore Ravens M&T Bank Stadium, home to the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League Before the 1950s, several attempts at a professional football team in Baltimore were blocked by the Washington franchise and its NFL allies. The first major-league team in the city was the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) Baltimore Colts, which played from 1947 to 1949, joined the NFL for a single year (1950), and then went bankrupt. In 1953, the NFL's Dallas Texans folded. Its assets and player contracts were purchased by an ownership team headed by Baltimore businessman Carroll Rosenbloom, who moved the team to Baltimore, establishing a new team also named the Baltimore Colts. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Colts were one of the NFLs more successful franchises, led by Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback Johnny Unitas. The Colts advanced to the NFL Championship twice (1958 and 1959) and the Super Bowl twice (1969 and 1971), winning all except Super Bowl III in 1969. After the 1983 season, the team left Baltimore for Indianapolis in 1984, where they became the Indianapolis Colts. The NFL returned to Baltimore when the former Cleveland Browns personnel moved to Baltimore and established the Baltimore Ravens in 1996. Since then, the Ravens won a Super Bowl championship in 2000 and 2012, eight AFC North division championships (2003, 2006, 2011, 2012, 2018, 2019, 2023, and 2024), and appeared in five AFC Championship Games (2000, 2008, 2011, 2012 and 2023). Baltimore also hosted a Canadian Football League franchise, the Baltimore Stallions for the 1994 and 1995 seasons. Following the 1995 season, and ultimate end to the Canadian Football League in the United States experiment, the team was sold and relocated to Montreal. Other teams and events[edit] The Preakness Stakes, the second leg of the Triple Crown, is run every May at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. The first professional sports organization in the United States, The Maryland Jockey Club, was formed in Baltimore in 1743. Preakness Stakes, the second race in the United States Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, has been held every May at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore since 1873. College lacrosse is a common sport in the spring, as the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse team has won 44 national championships, the most of any program in history. In addition, Loyola University won its first men's NCAA lacrosse championship in 2012. The Baltimore Blast are a professional arena soccer team that play in the Major Arena Soccer League at the SECU Arena on the campus of Towson University. The Blast have won nine championships in various leagues, including the MASL; a previous Blast franchise played in the Major Indoor Soccer League from 1980 to 1992, winning one championship. Other local clubs have included the semi-professional soccer sides FC Baltimore 1729 (founded 2018 in the National Premier Soccer League) and the Baltimore Bohemians, and Baltimore City F.C., an American Premier Soccer League club playing since 2023 at Utz Field in Patterson Park. The Baltimore Blues were a semi-professional rugby league club that began competition in the USA Rugby League in 2012. The Baltimore Grand Prix ran along the streets of downtown's Inner Harbor from 2011 to 2013, hosting the American Le Mans Series and IndyCar Series before being discontinued over scheduling conflicts. The Baltimore Marathon, the flagship of several races, begins and ends at Camden Yards, winding through neighborhoods including the Inner Harbor, Federal Hill, Fells Point, Canton, and Patterson Park. The Baltimore Brigade were an Arena Football League team based in Baltimore that, from 2017 to 2019, played at Royal Farms Arena. In 2019, the team ceased operations along with the rest of the league.
[edit] Patterson Park in October Baltimore has over 4,900 acres (1,983 ha) of parkland. The Baltimore City Department of Recreation and Parks manages the majority of parks and recreational facilities in the city, including Patterson Park, Federal Hill Park, and Druid Hill Park. Gwynns Falls/Leakin Park, the city's most extensive park, is also the second-largest urban woodland in the nation. The city is home to Fort McHenry National Monument and Historic Shrine, a coastal star-shaped fort best known for its role in the War of 1812. As of 2015[update], The Trust for Public Land, a national land conservation organization, ranks Baltimore 40th among the 75-largest U.S. cities.
[edit] Baltimore is an independent city, and not part of any county. For most governmental purposes under Maryland law, Baltimore City is treated as a county-level entity. The United States Census Bureau uses counties as the basic unit for presentation of statistical information in the United States, and treats Baltimore as a county equivalent for those purposes. M. Hirsch Goldberg, a former press secretary for a mayor of the city, stated in the Baltimore Sun that because Baltimore is not in a county, there is no county-wide government that could assist the city, and that the city does not have as much political representation in the Maryland Legislature. Goldberg argued that the status of not being in a county, along with the total square mileage, which he characterized as small, was damaging the city's fortunes. Baltimore has been a Democratic stronghold for over 150 years, with Democrats dominating every level of government. In virtually all elections, the Democratic primary is the real contest. As of the 2020 elections, registered Democrats outnumbered registered Republicans by almost 10-to-1. No Republican has been elected to the City Council since 1939. The city's last Republican mayor, Theodore McKeldin, left office in 1967. No Republican candidate since then has received 30 percent or more of the vote. In the 2016 and 2020 mayoral elections, the Republicans were pushed into third place by write-in and independent candidates, respectively. The last Republican candidate for president to win the city was Dwight Eisenhower in his successful reelection bid in 1956. The city hosted the first six Democratic National Conventions, from 1832 through 1852, and hosted the DNC again in 1860, 1872, and 1912. Voter registration[edit] Voter registration and party enrollment as of March 2024 Democratic 296,108 75.12% Unaffiliated 62,566 15.87% Republican 28,400 7.2% Libertarian 1,192 0.3% Other parties 5,931 1.5% Total 394,197 100% City government[edit] Mayor[edit] For a full list of mayors, see List of mayors of Baltimore. Brandon Scott is the current mayor of Baltimore. He was elected in 2020 and took office on December 8, 2020. Scott succeeded Jack Young, who became acting mayor in April 2019 and then mayor upon the resignation of Catherine Pugh, who left office amid a self-dealing book-sales scandal. Pugh, a Democrat, had won the 2016 election with 57.1% of the vote. Stephanie Rawlings-Blake, previously City Council President, became mayor in February 2010 upon Dixon's resignation and won a full term in 2011. Sheila Dixon, Baltimore's first female mayor, had taken office in 2007 after Martin O'Malley became governor; she resigned in 2010 following an embezzlement conviction and an Alford plea to a perjury charge, as Maryland does not allow convicted felons to hold office. Baltimore City Hall Baltimore City Council[edit] The Baltimore City Council is made up of 14 members elected from single-member districts and a council president elected at-large. The council president is ex officio mayor pro tempore; if the mayor's office falls vacant, the council president ascends as mayor for the balance of the term. Grassroots pressure for reform, voiced as Question P, restructured the city council in November 2002, against the will of the mayor, the council president, and the majority of the council. A coalition of union and community groups, organized by the Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), backed the effort. Law enforcement[edit] Courthouse East in Baltimore is a historic combined post office and federal courthouse in Battle Monument Square. The Baltimore City Police Department is the primary law enforcement agency serving Baltimore. It began in 1784 as a night watch and day constable system, was reorganized as a city department in 1853, and came under State of Maryland supervision in 1859. Campus and building security for the city's public schools is provided by the Baltimore City Public Schools Police, established in the 1970s. In 2015, Baltimore agreed to pay $6.4 million to settle civil claims by the family of Freddie Gray, a sum greater than the combined settlements from 120 police brutality and misconduct lawsuits filed from 2011 to 2015. Other agencies also have roles in the city, including the Maryland Transportation Authority Police (patrolling the Fort McHenry Tunnel and Baltimore Harbor Tunnel), the Maryland Transit Administration Police, the Baltimore City Sheriff's Office, and United States Coast Guard Sector Baltimore on the Patapsco River and Chesapeake Bay. Crime[edit] Main article: Crime in Baltimore A Baltimore Police Department patrol car, May 2018 Baltimore has had a high violent-crime and homicide rate for decades, even as overall reported crime fell substantially from the mid-1990s to the mid-2010s. Homicides peaked at 353 in 1993 and reached 344 in 2015, when the city recorded its highest homicide rate because its population had declined. After remaining above 300 annually from 2016 through 2022, homicides declined to 263 in 2023 and 200 in 2024. Baltimore City Fire Department[edit] Main article: Baltimore City Fire Department Baltimore is protected by the over 1,800 professional firefighters of the Baltimore City Fire Department (BCFD), founded in 1858 to replace the city's warring volunteer companies. The BCFD operates out of 37 fire stations throughout the city. State government[edit] See also: Baltimore City Delegation Since the legislative redistricting in 2002, Baltimore has had six legislative districts located entirely within its boundaries, giving the city six seats in the 47-member Maryland Senate and 14 in the 141-member Maryland House of Delegates. During the previous 10-year period, Baltimore had four legislative districts within the city limits, but four others overlapped the Baltimore County line. As of October 2024[update], all of Baltimore's state senators and delegates were Democrats. State agencies[edit] See also: List of state agencies headquartered in Baltimore Federal government[edit] Further information: Maryland's 2nd congressional district and Maryland's 7th congressional district See also: United States Senate election in Maryland, 2006 Baltimore is split between two of the state's eight congressional districts. Most of the city is included in the 7th district, represented by Kweisi Mfume. A sliver of northern Baltimore is located in the 2nd district, represented by Johnny Olszewski. Both are Democrats. A Republican has not represented a significant portion of Baltimore in Congress since John Boynton Philip Clayton Hill represented the 3rd District in 1927, and has not represented any of Baltimore since the Eastern Shore-based 1st District lost its share of Baltimore after the 2000 census. It was represented by Republican Wayne Gilchrest at the time. Maryland's former United States senator Ben Cardin is from Baltimore. He was one of three people who, over four decades, represented the 3rd District—long including much of inner Baltimore—before election to the U.S. Senate, the others being Paul Sarbanes and Barbara Mikulski. United States presidential election results for Baltimore, Maryland Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies) No.  % No.  % No.  % 1892 36,492 40.79% 51,098 57.12% 1,867 2.09% 1896 61,965 58.13% 40,859 38.33% 3,777 3.54% 1900 58,880 52.10% 51,979 46.00% 2,149 1.90% 1904 47,444 48.64% 47,901 49.11% 2,192 2.25% 1908 51,528 49.82% 49,139 47.51% 2,756 2.66% 1912 15,597 15.70% 48,030 48.36% 35,695 35.94% 1916 49,805 44.31% 60,226 53.58% 2,382 2.12% 1920 125,526 57.02% 86,748 39.40% 7,872 3.58% 1924 69,588 42.63% 60,222 36.89% 33,442 20.48% 1928 135,182 51.39% 126,106 47.94% 1,770 0.67% 1932 78,954 31.94% 160,309 64.84% 7,969 3.22% 1936 97,667 31.48% 210,668 67.89% 1,959 0.63% 1940 112,364 35.56% 199,715 63.20% 3,917 1.24% 1944 112,817 40.83% 163,493 59.17% 0 0.00% 1948 110,879 43.67% 134,615 53.02% 8,396 3.31% 1952 166,605 47.62% 178,469 51.01% 4,784 1.37% 1956 178,244 55.90% 140,603 44.10% 0 0.00% 1960 114,705 36.13% 202,752 63.87% 0 0.00% 1964 76,089 24.02% 240,716 75.98% 0 0.00% 1968 80,146 27.65% 178,450 61.56% 31,288 10.79% 1972 119,486 45.15% 141,323 53.40% 3,843 1.45% 1976 81,762 31.40% 178,593 68.60% 0 0.00% 1980 57,902 21.87% 191,911 72.48% 14,962 5.65% 1984 80,120 28.20% 202,277 71.18% 1,766 0.62% 1988 59,089 25.43% 170,813 73.51% 2,465 1.06% 1992 40,725 16.62% 185,753 75.79% 18,613 7.59% 1996 28,467 15.53% 145,441 79.34% 9,415 5.14% 2000 27,150 14.11% 158,765 82.52% 6,489 3.37% 2004 36,230 16.96% 175,022 81.95% 2,311 1.08% 2008 28,681 11.66% 214,385 87.16% 2,902 1.18% 2012 28,171 11.09% 221,478 87.19% 4,356 1.71% 2016 25,205 10.53% 202,673 84.66% 11,524 4.81% 2020 25,374 10.69% 207,260 87.28% 4,827 2.03% 2024 27,984 12.13% 195,109 84.55% 7,661 3.32% The Postal Service's Baltimore Main Post Office is located at 900 East Fayette Street in the Jonestown area. The national headquarters for the United States Social Security Administration is located in Woodlawn, just outside of Baltimore.
[edit] See also: List of high schools in Maryland Colleges and universities[edit] Baltimore is the home of numerous places of higher learning, both public and private. 100,000 college students from around the country attend Baltimore City's 10 accredited two-year or four-year colleges and universities. Among them are: Private[edit] Keyser Quadrangle at Johns Hopkins University, the nation's first research university The interior of George Peabody Library at the Peabody Institute at Johns Hopkins University Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Peabody Institute Loyola University Maryland Maryland Institute College of Art St. Mary's Seminary and University Notre Dame of Maryland University Public[edit] Baltimore City Community College Coppin State University Morgan State University University of Baltimore University of Maryland, Baltimore Primary and secondary schools[edit] See also: List of private and parochial schools in Baltimore The city's public schools are managed by Baltimore City Public Schools. Notable among them are Frederick Douglass High School, the second-oldest African American high school in the United States; Baltimore City College, the third-oldest public high school in the nation; and Western High School, the oldest public all-girls school in the nation. Baltimore City College and Baltimore Polytechnic Institute share the nation's second-oldest high school football rivalry.
[edit] A Baltimore Light RailLink train stops at Convention Center station, just west of Baltimore Convention Center on Pratt Street. Baltimore has a higher-than-average percentage of households without a car. In 2015, 30.7 percent of Baltimore households lacked a car, which decreased slightly to 28.9 percent in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Baltimore averaged 1.65 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8. Roads and highways[edit] I-95 northbound in Baltimore Baltimore's highway growth has done much to influence the development of the city and its suburbs. The first limited-access highway serving Baltimore was the Baltimore–Washington Parkway, which opened in stages between 1950 and 1954; its maintenance is split between the state of Maryland and the National Park Service, and trucks are restricted to its northern part. Tractor-trailers used U.S. Route 1 until Interstate 95 between Baltimore and Washington opened in 1971. The Interstate highways serving Baltimore are I-70, I-83 (the Jones Falls Expressway), I-95, I-395, I-695 (the Baltimore Beltway), I-795 (the Northwest Expressway), I-895 (the Harbor Tunnel Thruway), and I-97. The city's mainline Interstate highways—I-95, I-83, and I-70—do not directly connect to each other, and in the case of I-70 end at a park and ride lot just inside the city limits, because of freeway revolts in Baltimore. These revolts were led primarily by Barbara Mikulski, a former United States senator for Maryland, which resulted in the abandonment of the original plan. There are two tunnels traversing Baltimore Harbor within the city limits: the four-bore Fort McHenry Tunnel (opened in 1985 and serving I-95) and the two-bore Harbor Tunnel (opened in 1957 and serving I-895). Until its collapse in March 2024, the Baltimore Beltway crossed south of Baltimore Harbor over the Francis Scott Key Bridge. The first interstate highway built in Baltimore was I-83 (the Jones Falls Expressway), whose first portion was built in the early 1960s through a natural corridor over the Jones Falls River, displacing no housing; a planned extension to I-95 was abandoned, and its route through parkland drew criticism. Planning for the Baltimore Beltway predates the creation of the Interstate Highway System. The only U.S. Highways in the city are US 1, which bypasses downtown, and US 40, which crosses downtown from east to west. Both run along major surface streets, US 40 utilizes a small section of a freeway cancelled in the 1970s in the west side of the city, originally intended for Interstate 170. State routes in the city travel along surface streets, with the exception of Maryland Route 295, which carries the Baltimore–Washington Parkway. The Baltimore City Department of Transportation (BCDOT) maintains the city's streets, sidewalks, and alleys, road signs, and street lights, and handles vehicle towing and traffic cameras. Its responsibilities include the state and U.S. highways and the portions of I-83 and I-70 within the city limits; I-95, I-395, I-695, and I-895 are instead maintained by the Maryland Transportation Authority. Transit systems[edit] Public transit[edit] Charm City Circulator Van Hool on the Orange Line Public transit in Baltimore is mostly provided by the Maryland Transit Administration (abbreviated "MTA Maryland") and Charm City Circulator. MTA Maryland operates a comprehensive bus network, including many local, express, and commuter buses, a light rail network connecting Hunt Valley in the north to BWI Airport and Glen Burnie in the south, and a subway line between Owings Mills and Johns Hopkins Hospital. A proposed rail line, known as the Red Line, which would link the Social Security Administration's headquarters in Woodlawn to Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in East Baltimore, was cancelled in June 2015 by former Governor Larry Hogan. In June 2023, Governor Wes Moore announced the relaunch of the Red Line project. The Charm City Circulator (CCC), a free shuttle bus service operated for the Baltimore City Department of Transportation, began running in the downtown area in January 2010. Funded partly by an increase in parking fees, it provides free service seven days a week across four color-coded routes linking downtown with Johns Hopkins Hospital, Fells Point, Federal Hill, Harbor East, and Fort McHenry. Baltimore has a water taxi service, operated by Baltimore Water Taxi. The water taxi's six routes provide service throughout the city's harbor, and was purchased by Under Armour CEO Kevin Plank's Sagamore Ventures in 2016. In June 2017, the BaltimoreLink bus network redesign was launched. The BaltimoreLink redesign consisted of a dozen high frequency, color-coded routes branded CityLink, running every 10 to 15 minutes through downtown Baltimore, along with changes to local and express bus service, rebranded LocalLink and ExpressLink. Intercity rail[edit] Baltimore Pennsylvania Station in Baltimore, the seventh-busiest rail station in the nation Baltimore is a top destination for Amtrak along the Northeast Corridor, and its Penn Station is one of the busiest in the country—ranked the seventh-busiest U.S. rail station as of 2014. The corridor approaches from the south through the 1873 Baltimore and Potomac Tunnel, whose 30 mph (50 km/h) limit, sharp curves, and steep grades make it one of the NEC's worst bottlenecks, and from the north through the 1873 Union Tunnel. Just outside the city, BWI Thurgood Marshall Airport Rail Station is another stop. Scheduled Amtrak services include the Acela Express, Northeast Regional, and several long-distance trains such as the Silver Star, Silver Meteor, Crescent, and Vermonter. MARC commuter rail (the Brunswick, Camden, and Penn lines) connects Camden Station and Penn Station with Washington, D.C.'s Union Station and stops in between; the Penn Line added weekend service in 2013. Airports[edit] The interior of Baltimore–Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport, Baltimore's international commercial airport Baltimore is served by two airports, both operated by the Maryland Aviation Administration, which is part of the Maryland Department of Transportation. Baltimore–Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport, generally known as "BWI", is the main international airport in the Baltimore area. It lies about 10 miles (16 km) to the south of Baltimore in neighboring Anne Arundel County. The airport is named after Thurgood Marshall, a Baltimore native who was the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States. In terms of passenger traffic, BWI is the 22nd busiest airport in the United States. As of 2014, BWI is the largest, by passenger count, of three major airports serving the Baltimore–Washington Metropolitan Area. It is accessible by I-95 and the Baltimore–Washington Parkway via Interstate 195, the Baltimore Light Rail, and Amtrak and MARC Train at BWI Rail Station. Baltimore is also served by Martin State Airport, a general aviation facility, to the northeast in Baltimore County. Martin State Airport is linked to downtown Baltimore by Maryland Route 150 (Eastern Avenue) and by MARC Train at its own station. Pedestrians and bicycles[edit] Baltimore has a comprehensive, signed system of unnumbered bicycle routes, with roads marked by bike lanes, sharrows, or Share the Road signs. The network continues to expand, with over 140 miles (230 km) of lanes added between 2006 and 2014, and the city has also built bike boulevards, beginning with Guilford Avenue in 2012. The city has three major trail systems—the Gwynns Falls Trail, the Jones Falls Trail, and the Herring Run Trail—the first two of which carry sections of the East Coast Greenway. Protected cycle tracks on Maryland Avenue, Mount Royal Avenue, and Monument Street form the backbone of the downtown bicycle network, while the Stony Run Trail follows part of the old Ma and Pa Railroad corridor. A 2011 study by Walk Score ranked Baltimore the 14th-most walkable of the fifty largest U.S. cities. Port of Baltimore[edit] Main article: Port of Baltimore The Inner Harbor in Baltimore The Port of Baltimore with the Washington Monument in the background in 1849 Francis Scott Key Bridge crossing the Port of Baltimore in 2015 The port was founded in 1706, preceding the founding of Baltimore. The Maryland colonial legislature made the area near Locust Point as the port of entry for the tobacco trade with England. Fells Point, the deepest point in the natural harbor, soon became the colony's main ship building center, later on becoming leader in the construction of clipper ships. After Baltimore's founding, mills were built behind the wharves, and the California Gold Rush brought orders for fast vessels. By the end of the nineteenth century, European ship lines maintained immigrant terminals there, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad made the port a major transshipment point.: 17, 75  The port has major roll-on/roll-off and bulk facilities, especially for steel handling. Water taxis operate in the Inner Harbor. Governor Ehrlich participated in naming the port after Helen Delich Bentley during the 300th anniversary of the port. In 2007, Duke Realty Corporation began the Chesapeake Commerce Center, a 184-acre (0.74 km2) industrial park on the site of a former General Motors plant in eastern Baltimore. The Port of Baltimore is one of two East Coast seaports with a 50-foot (15 m) dredge able to accommodate the largest shipping vessels. The port also has a passenger cruise terminal offering year-round trips on several lines to the Bahamas, the Caribbean, New England, and Canada, where passengers can park and board beside ships visible from Interstate 95; about a third of cruise passengers come from Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey.
[edit] Trash interceptors[edit] Main article: Trash interceptor § Baltimore's Mr. Trash Wheel The "Mr. Trash Wheel" trash interceptor at the mouth of the Jones Falls River in Baltimore's Inner Harbor Baltimore has four water wheel trash interceptors for removing garbage in area waterways. One is at the mouth of Jones Falls in Baltimore's Inner Harbor, dubbed "Mr. Trash Wheel". Another, "Professor Trash Wheel", was added at Harris Creek in the Canton neighborhood in 2016, with "Captain Trash Wheel" following at Mason Creek in 2018, and "Gwynnda, the Good Wheel of the West" at the mouth of the Gwynns Falls in 2021. A February 2015 agreement with a local waste-to-energy plant is believed to make Baltimore the first city to use reclaimed waterway debris to generate electricity. Other water pollution control[edit] In August 2010, the National Aquarium assembled, planted, and launched a floating wetland island designed by Biohabitats in Baltimore's Inner Harbor. Hundreds of years ago, Baltimore's harbor shoreline would have been lined with tidal wetlands. Biohabitats also developed a concept to transform a dilapidated wharf into a living pier that cleans Harbor water, provides habitat and is an aesthetic attraction. Currently under design, the top of the pier will become a constructed tidal wetland. Other projects to improve water quality include the Blue Alleys project, expanded street sweeping, and stream restoration. Air quality and pollution[edit] Since 1985 the Wheelabrator Baltimore incinerator, formerly known as the Baltimore Refuse Energy Systems Co., has operated as a waste-to-energy incinerator. The incinerator is a significant source of air pollution to nearby neighborhoods. Several environmental groups, such as the Environmental Integrity Project, and the Chesapeake Climate Action Network, have been successful in advocating for reinforced pollution monitoring. The incinerator is the city's single largest standing source of air pollution.
[edit] Main article: Media in Baltimore Baltimore's main media outlet since 2010 is The Baltimore Sun, which was sold by its Baltimore owners in 1986 to the Times Mirror Company, and then bought by the Tribune Company in 2000. Since the sale, The Baltimore Sun prints some local news along with regional and national articles. The Baltimore News-American, another long-running paper that competed with the Sun, ceased publication in 1986. The city is home to the Baltimore Afro-American, an influential African American newspaper founded in 1892. In 2006, The Baltimore Examiner was launched to compete with The Sun. It was part of a national chain that includes The San Francisco Examiner and The Washington Examiner. In contrast to the paid subscription Sun, The Examiner was a free newspaper funded solely by advertisements. Unable to turn a profit and facing a deep recession, The Baltimore Examiner ceased publication on February 15, 2009. Despite being located 40 miles northeast of Washington, D.C., Baltimore is a major media market in its own right, with all major English language television networks represented in the city. WJZ-TV 13 is a CBS owned and operated station, and WBFF 45 (Fox, with MyNetworkTV on DT2) is the flagship of Sinclair Broadcast Group, the second-largest station owner in the country. Other major television stations in Baltimore include WMAR-TV 2 (ABC), WBAL-TV 11 (NBC), WUTB 24 (Roar), WNUV 54 (CW), and WMPB 67 (PBS). Baltimore is also served by low-power station WMJF-CD 39 (Ion), which transmits from the campus of Towson University. Nielsen ranked Baltimore as the 27th-largest television market in 2009. Arbitron's Fall 2010 rankings identified Baltimore as the 22nd-largest radio market.
[edit] See also: Baltimore in fiction Poe depicted in a retouched version of a daguerreotype, held at the National Archives at College Park Literature[edit] Edgar Allan Poe lived in several different cities including Baltimore, which is where he died and was buried. Several of his works were inspired and written during his time in the city including "MS. Found in a Bottle" and "Berenice". In 1922, F. Scott Fitzgerald—who had deep ties to Baltimore as a relative and namesake of Francis Scott Key—published the short story The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, about a man born in Baltimore who ages backwards. Fitzgerald lived in the city for five years in the 1930s, partly so that Zelda could receive psychiatric care at Johns Hopkins and the Sheppard-Pratt Hospital; his first editor was the "Sage of Baltimore", H.L. Mencken. Anne Tyler has lived in Baltimore since the late 1960s and is known for her literary realism fiction that emphasizes family life. She has written a number of books set locally including The Accidental Tourist (1985), Breathing Lessons (1988), Digging To America (2006) and A Spool of Blue Thread (2015). Nonfiction[edit] In 1845, Frederick Douglass published his memoir: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Born on the Eastern Shore, Douglass arrived in Baltimore as a child. It is where he learned to read and write. In 2008, journalist, novelist and activist Ta-Nehisi Coates published his memoir of growing up in West Baltimore: The Beautiful Struggle. Coates writes of his challenging relationship with his father, troubled experiences in local schools and the street crime and drug epidemic of the 1990s. Film[edit] Barry Levinson is a film maker and a native Baltimorean. Several of his films pay homage to his upbringing in an immigrant family in the city: Diner (1982), Tin Men (1987), Avalon (1990), and Liberty Heights (1999). Another Baltimore filmmaker, John Waters, began his career making experimental art films in the city including Roman Candies and Mondo Trasho. As his audience and film budgets expanded, Waters continued to set his films in Baltimore and to premier them at the Senator Theater. His most famous films include Hairspray (1988), Cry Baby (1990), and Serial Mom (1994). Waters has continued to live in Baltimore and remains active in the local arts community. Television[edit] The television representations of Baltimore often involve crime or law enforcement. From 1993 to 1998, the police procedural drama Homicide: Life on the Street aired with favorable reviews but low ratings. Several episodes of the X-Files (1993–2002) took place in Baltimore. The Corner (2000) is a mini-series based on a true story of people living amid the open air drug markets of West Baltimore. The most known series set in Baltimore is The Wire (2002–2008), which was well-received and depicts the city as a war zone between drug trade and the police. In 2022, the limited drama series We Own This City premiered, starring Jon Bernthal and native Baltimorean Josh Charles.
[edit] Baltimore has ten sister cities, as designated by Sister Cities International. Baltimore's own Sister City Committees recognize nine of these sister cities, which are shaded yellow and marked with a dagger (†): Sister cities of Baltimore per Sister Cities International City Country Year designated Alexandria† Egypt 1995 Ashkelon Israel 1974 Changwon† South Korea 2018 Gbarnga† Liberia 1973 Kawasaki† Japan 1979 Luxor† Egypt 1995 Odesa† Ukraine 1974 Piraeus† Greece 1982 Rotterdam† Netherlands 1985 Xiamen† China 1985 Three additional sister cities have "emeritus status": Sister cities emeritius of Baltimore per Sister Cities International City Country Year designated Genoa Italy 1985 Ely O'Carroll Ireland Bremerhaven Germany 2007